Synthetic magnetic fields for ultracold neutral atoms

Synthetic magnetic fields for ultracold neutral atoms

May 30, 2018 | Y.-J. Lin1, R. L. Compton1, K. Jiménez-García1,2, J. V. Porto1, and I. B. Spielman1
This paper presents an experimental realization of synthetic magnetic fields for ultracold neutral atoms using an optically induced Berry's phase. The approach involves creating a spatially-dependent optical coupling between internal states of the atoms, which generates a synthetic magnetic field. This method allows for the study of quantum Hall effects in neutral atoms, which is not possible with traditional magnetic fields due to the charge neutrality of these systems. The synthetic magnetic field is created by applying a spatially-dependent laser-atom detuning, which results in a vector potential that mimics the Lorentz force. This synthetic field is then used to observe vortices in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), a hallmark of superfluidity in magnetic fields. The method is distinct from previous approaches that relied on rotation or phase imprinting, as it allows for a static synthetic field in the lab frame, avoiding the limitations of rotating systems. The experiment uses a 87Rb BEC in a crossed dipole trap, with Raman lasers coupling different spin states to create a dressed state. The resulting vector potential is tunable, allowing for the generation of synthetic magnetic fields. The BEC is observed to form vortices when the synthetic field exceeds a critical value, demonstrating the optical synthesis of magnetic fields. The study shows that the number of vortices formed depends on the detuning gradient and the strength of the synthetic field. The results are consistent with simulations of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, which models the behavior of the BEC in a synthetic magnetic field. The findings suggest that this method could enable the study of topological quantum computation and quantum Hall effects in neutral atoms.This paper presents an experimental realization of synthetic magnetic fields for ultracold neutral atoms using an optically induced Berry's phase. The approach involves creating a spatially-dependent optical coupling between internal states of the atoms, which generates a synthetic magnetic field. This method allows for the study of quantum Hall effects in neutral atoms, which is not possible with traditional magnetic fields due to the charge neutrality of these systems. The synthetic magnetic field is created by applying a spatially-dependent laser-atom detuning, which results in a vector potential that mimics the Lorentz force. This synthetic field is then used to observe vortices in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), a hallmark of superfluidity in magnetic fields. The method is distinct from previous approaches that relied on rotation or phase imprinting, as it allows for a static synthetic field in the lab frame, avoiding the limitations of rotating systems. The experiment uses a 87Rb BEC in a crossed dipole trap, with Raman lasers coupling different spin states to create a dressed state. The resulting vector potential is tunable, allowing for the generation of synthetic magnetic fields. The BEC is observed to form vortices when the synthetic field exceeds a critical value, demonstrating the optical synthesis of magnetic fields. The study shows that the number of vortices formed depends on the detuning gradient and the strength of the synthetic field. The results are consistent with simulations of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, which models the behavior of the BEC in a synthetic magnetic field. The findings suggest that this method could enable the study of topological quantum computation and quantum Hall effects in neutral atoms.
Reach us at info@study.space
[slides] Synthetic magnetic fields for ultracold neutral atoms | StudySpace