The article by Teresa M Przytycka and Justen Andrews discusses the use of systems biology to integrate data from the transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome of budding yeast to understand the relationship between nutrient conditions and cell growth. The authors highlight the importance of studying the environment-phenotype response by uncovering biomolecular pathways involved. They review several studies that have applied systems-level approaches to understand cellular responses to changing environmental conditions, such as the metabolic shift from fermentation to respiration in yeast. The article also discusses the use of chemostats to control nutrient supply and cell population size, allowing for the study of the impact of equilibrium nutrient concentrations on cellular responses. The analysis of data from a chemostat setup by Gutteridge *et al.* reveals distinct responses to nutrient limitations and growth rate changes, with carbon limitation producing the most dramatic effects. The integration of transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic data provides a more comprehensive view of cellular responses, though challenges remain in fully understanding metabolic pathways due to the sparsity of metabolomic and proteomic data. The authors conclude by emphasizing the potential for future research to integrate more datasets and develop predictive models of cellular responses to external conditions.The article by Teresa M Przytycka and Justen Andrews discusses the use of systems biology to integrate data from the transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome of budding yeast to understand the relationship between nutrient conditions and cell growth. The authors highlight the importance of studying the environment-phenotype response by uncovering biomolecular pathways involved. They review several studies that have applied systems-level approaches to understand cellular responses to changing environmental conditions, such as the metabolic shift from fermentation to respiration in yeast. The article also discusses the use of chemostats to control nutrient supply and cell population size, allowing for the study of the impact of equilibrium nutrient concentrations on cellular responses. The analysis of data from a chemostat setup by Gutteridge *et al.* reveals distinct responses to nutrient limitations and growth rate changes, with carbon limitation producing the most dramatic effects. The integration of transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic data provides a more comprehensive view of cellular responses, though challenges remain in fully understanding metabolic pathways due to the sparsity of metabolomic and proteomic data. The authors conclude by emphasizing the potential for future research to integrate more datasets and develop predictive models of cellular responses to external conditions.