TCP Vegas is an improved TCP implementation that achieves between 37% and 71% better throughput than the Reno TCP implementation, with one-fifth to one-half the losses. The paper describes three key techniques used by Vegas: a more timely retransmission mechanism, a congestion avoidance mechanism that anticipates congestion, and a modified slow-start mechanism that avoids packet losses during initial bandwidth discovery. The results of a comprehensive experimental study, including simulations and real-world measurements, show that Vegas significantly improves throughput and reduces losses compared to Reno. The study also demonstrates that Vegas does not negatively impact Reno connections, and that its performance is not achieved by stealing bandwidth from other connections but by more efficiently utilizing the available bandwidth. The paper discusses the design and implementation of Vegas, including its retransmission mechanism, congestion avoidance algorithm, and modified slow-start mechanism. The results show that Vegas outperforms Reno in terms of throughput and loss reduction, and that its congestion avoidance mechanism is effective in preventing congestion. The paper also discusses the relationship between Vegas and other congestion control mechanisms, and concludes that Vegas represents a significant improvement over Reno in terms of performance and efficiency.TCP Vegas is an improved TCP implementation that achieves between 37% and 71% better throughput than the Reno TCP implementation, with one-fifth to one-half the losses. The paper describes three key techniques used by Vegas: a more timely retransmission mechanism, a congestion avoidance mechanism that anticipates congestion, and a modified slow-start mechanism that avoids packet losses during initial bandwidth discovery. The results of a comprehensive experimental study, including simulations and real-world measurements, show that Vegas significantly improves throughput and reduces losses compared to Reno. The study also demonstrates that Vegas does not negatively impact Reno connections, and that its performance is not achieved by stealing bandwidth from other connections but by more efficiently utilizing the available bandwidth. The paper discusses the design and implementation of Vegas, including its retransmission mechanism, congestion avoidance algorithm, and modified slow-start mechanism. The results show that Vegas outperforms Reno in terms of throughput and loss reduction, and that its congestion avoidance mechanism is effective in preventing congestion. The paper also discusses the relationship between Vegas and other congestion control mechanisms, and concludes that Vegas represents a significant improvement over Reno in terms of performance and efficiency.