The study examines the implementation of the Independent Curriculum (Kurikulum Merdeka) in primary schools and the challenges faced. The research employs a systematic literature review method, collecting data from articles published between 2021 and 2023 using the Publish or Perish application. The selected articles were analyzed based on specific criteria. The findings indicate several challenges in implementing the Independent Curriculum, including: 1. **Inadequate Infrastructure**: Schools lack the necessary facilities to support the new curriculum. 2. **Teacher Human Resources**: Teachers need to improve their skills in using technology. 3. **Learning Evaluation Difficulties**: There are difficulties in conducting effective learning evaluations. 4. **Student, Parent, and Environmental Conditions**: These factors significantly impact the implementation. 5. **Policy Inequality**: There are disparities in government policies. The study concludes that the implementation of the Independent Curriculum faces various educational challenges, and proposes solutions such as providing training for teachers, improving infrastructure, and ensuring policy consistency. The research emphasizes the need for responsive and evidence-based strategies to support the implementation of the Independent Curriculum in primary schools.The study examines the implementation of the Independent Curriculum (Kurikulum Merdeka) in primary schools and the challenges faced. The research employs a systematic literature review method, collecting data from articles published between 2021 and 2023 using the Publish or Perish application. The selected articles were analyzed based on specific criteria. The findings indicate several challenges in implementing the Independent Curriculum, including: 1. **Inadequate Infrastructure**: Schools lack the necessary facilities to support the new curriculum. 2. **Teacher Human Resources**: Teachers need to improve their skills in using technology. 3. **Learning Evaluation Difficulties**: There are difficulties in conducting effective learning evaluations. 4. **Student, Parent, and Environmental Conditions**: These factors significantly impact the implementation. 5. **Policy Inequality**: There are disparities in government policies. The study concludes that the implementation of the Independent Curriculum faces various educational challenges, and proposes solutions such as providing training for teachers, improving infrastructure, and ensuring policy consistency. The research emphasizes the need for responsive and evidence-based strategies to support the implementation of the Independent Curriculum in primary schools.