This review discusses the role of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways in gastric cancer (GC) development and their potential as therapeutic targets. GC is the fourth leading cause of global mortality, with 78% of cases linked to Helicobacter pylori infection. Other risk factors include diet, obesity, alcohol consumption, and genetic mutations such as those in PIK3CA, TP53, and ARID1A. These mutations activate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways, promoting tumor growth, survival, and metastasis. Clinical trials have shown promising results with monoclonal antibodies like trastuzumab and ramucirumab, as well as dual inhibitors targeting these pathways. The review highlights the importance of understanding the dysregulation of these pathways in GC and the potential of targeting them for therapy. It also discusses the role of environmental factors, systemic diseases, and genetic factors in GC development. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is involved in cell survival, proliferation, and metabolism, while the MAPK pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, and survival. Inhibitors of these pathways, such as mTOR inhibitors and AKT inhibitors, are being tested in clinical trials for GC treatment. The review emphasizes the need for further research into these pathways and their potential as therapeutic targets in GC.This review discusses the role of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways in gastric cancer (GC) development and their potential as therapeutic targets. GC is the fourth leading cause of global mortality, with 78% of cases linked to Helicobacter pylori infection. Other risk factors include diet, obesity, alcohol consumption, and genetic mutations such as those in PIK3CA, TP53, and ARID1A. These mutations activate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways, promoting tumor growth, survival, and metastasis. Clinical trials have shown promising results with monoclonal antibodies like trastuzumab and ramucirumab, as well as dual inhibitors targeting these pathways. The review highlights the importance of understanding the dysregulation of these pathways in GC and the potential of targeting them for therapy. It also discusses the role of environmental factors, systemic diseases, and genetic factors in GC development. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is involved in cell survival, proliferation, and metabolism, while the MAPK pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, and survival. Inhibitors of these pathways, such as mTOR inhibitors and AKT inhibitors, are being tested in clinical trials for GC treatment. The review emphasizes the need for further research into these pathways and their potential as therapeutic targets in GC.