This review article discusses the role of cell death in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the potential of targeting cell death pathways for therapy. NAFLD is a spectrum of liver diseases ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), characterized by lipid accumulation, inflammation, fibrosis, and cell death. Various cell death modes, including apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, are involved in the progression of NAFLD. The review summarizes the molecular mechanisms by which pathogenic factors such as free fatty acids and LPS induce cell death in NAFLD and reviews the effects of cell death-targeted therapies on NAFLD. It highlights the importance of understanding the roles of different cell death modes in NAFLD progression and suggests that targeting cell death pathways could open new avenues for therapeutic intervention. The review also discusses the potential of various therapies, including antioxidants, PPARα agonists, and drugs that inhibit specific cell death pathways, in the treatment of NAFLD. The article emphasizes the need for further research to understand the underlying mechanisms of cell death in NAFLD and to develop more effective therapies.This review article discusses the role of cell death in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the potential of targeting cell death pathways for therapy. NAFLD is a spectrum of liver diseases ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), characterized by lipid accumulation, inflammation, fibrosis, and cell death. Various cell death modes, including apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, are involved in the progression of NAFLD. The review summarizes the molecular mechanisms by which pathogenic factors such as free fatty acids and LPS induce cell death in NAFLD and reviews the effects of cell death-targeted therapies on NAFLD. It highlights the importance of understanding the roles of different cell death modes in NAFLD progression and suggests that targeting cell death pathways could open new avenues for therapeutic intervention. The review also discusses the potential of various therapies, including antioxidants, PPARα agonists, and drugs that inhibit specific cell death pathways, in the treatment of NAFLD. The article emphasizes the need for further research to understand the underlying mechanisms of cell death in NAFLD and to develop more effective therapies.