The article "Targeting triple negative breast cancer stem cells using nanocarriers" by Nagasen Dasari, Girija Sankar Guntuku, and Sai Kiran S. S. Pindiprolu reviews the challenges and potential of targeting triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) stem cells (BCSCs) using nanocarriers. TNBC, accounting for about 20% of all breast cancers, is characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) receptors, making it unresponsive to targeted therapies. BCSCs, which possess self-renewal and tumorigenic potential, are key to the aggressive behavior and treatment resistance of TNBC. The review discusses various molecular targets and signaling pathways involved in BCSC survival, including surface markers, Notch, Wnt, Hedgehog signaling, Bcl-2, VEGF inhibitors, and immune modulation. However, targeting BCSCs presents challenges such as off-target effects, low solubility, and bioavailability of anti-BCSC agents. Nanoparticle-based therapies are highlighted as a promising approach to overcome these challenges by delivering targeted therapies to BCSCs while minimizing systemic toxicity and enhancing treatment efficacy. The article explores different types of nanocarriers, including lipid-based, polymer-based, and inorganic nanoparticles, and their applications in TNBC treatment. It also discusses advanced therapeutic approaches such as molecular targeted therapies, photodynamic therapy (PDT), immunotherapy, photothermal therapy (PTT), gene therapy, and sonodynamic therapy. The clinical translation of nanocarriers for TNBC treatment is addressed, emphasizing the importance of biocompatibility, safety, and achieving specificity in targeting BCSCs while minimizing off-target effects. The review concludes by highlighting the potential of nanomedicine in advancing the treatment of TNBC, with ongoing research and development aimed at optimizing the safety and efficacy of these approaches.The article "Targeting triple negative breast cancer stem cells using nanocarriers" by Nagasen Dasari, Girija Sankar Guntuku, and Sai Kiran S. S. Pindiprolu reviews the challenges and potential of targeting triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) stem cells (BCSCs) using nanocarriers. TNBC, accounting for about 20% of all breast cancers, is characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) receptors, making it unresponsive to targeted therapies. BCSCs, which possess self-renewal and tumorigenic potential, are key to the aggressive behavior and treatment resistance of TNBC. The review discusses various molecular targets and signaling pathways involved in BCSC survival, including surface markers, Notch, Wnt, Hedgehog signaling, Bcl-2, VEGF inhibitors, and immune modulation. However, targeting BCSCs presents challenges such as off-target effects, low solubility, and bioavailability of anti-BCSC agents. Nanoparticle-based therapies are highlighted as a promising approach to overcome these challenges by delivering targeted therapies to BCSCs while minimizing systemic toxicity and enhancing treatment efficacy. The article explores different types of nanocarriers, including lipid-based, polymer-based, and inorganic nanoparticles, and their applications in TNBC treatment. It also discusses advanced therapeutic approaches such as molecular targeted therapies, photodynamic therapy (PDT), immunotherapy, photothermal therapy (PTT), gene therapy, and sonodynamic therapy. The clinical translation of nanocarriers for TNBC treatment is addressed, emphasizing the importance of biocompatibility, safety, and achieving specificity in targeting BCSCs while minimizing off-target effects. The review concludes by highlighting the potential of nanomedicine in advancing the treatment of TNBC, with ongoing research and development aimed at optimizing the safety and efficacy of these approaches.