This article explores the concept of "technological frames," which are the underlying assumptions, expectations, and knowledge that people have about technology. The authors propose a systematic approach to examining these frames, which are crucial for understanding technological development, use, and change in organizations. They argue that significant differences in technological frames among key groups, such as managers, technologists, and users, can lead to difficulties and conflicts in technology implementation. The article draws on empirical findings from a study of a groupware technology to illustrate how different stakeholders interpreted the technology, resulting in outcomes that deviated from expectations. The authors suggest that technological frames offer a valuable analytic perspective for explaining and anticipating actions and meanings in organizational contexts. They define technological frames as the subset of organizational frames that concern technology, including its nature, role, and specific conditions and consequences in particular contexts. The article also discusses the concept of congruence in technological frames, where differences in expectations, assumptions, or knowledge can lead to incongruence and challenges in technology implementation.This article explores the concept of "technological frames," which are the underlying assumptions, expectations, and knowledge that people have about technology. The authors propose a systematic approach to examining these frames, which are crucial for understanding technological development, use, and change in organizations. They argue that significant differences in technological frames among key groups, such as managers, technologists, and users, can lead to difficulties and conflicts in technology implementation. The article draws on empirical findings from a study of a groupware technology to illustrate how different stakeholders interpreted the technology, resulting in outcomes that deviated from expectations. The authors suggest that technological frames offer a valuable analytic perspective for explaining and anticipating actions and meanings in organizational contexts. They define technological frames as the subset of organizational frames that concern technology, including its nature, role, and specific conditions and consequences in particular contexts. The article also discusses the concept of congruence in technological frames, where differences in expectations, assumptions, or knowledge can lead to incongruence and challenges in technology implementation.