The article discusses the use of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-modified (TICS-m) in identifying mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. While the TICS-m shows high sensitivity in detecting dementia, it has limited utility in distinguishing between Alzheimer's disease (AD), MCI, and normal cognition, especially in older populations with high prevalence of these conditions. The TICS-m may be useful as an initial screening tool for community-based studies to estimate dementia and MCI prevalence, but its accuracy depends on the cut point used and subsequent diagnostic criteria. It is also less effective in identifying early dementia or MCI cases, as it may miss those with TICS-m scores above the screening cut point. The TICS-m can be used in longitudinal studies to measure dementia incidence, but it may miss early cases unless the cut point is set very high. The use of TICS-m in clinical trials may introduce survival bias, as early diagnosed dementia cases may die before being identified, leading to underestimation of dementia incidence. Additionally, the TICS-m may miss important cognitive changes in other domains, such as visuospatial functions, which are relevant to clinical trials. The article emphasizes the need for careful standardization of outcome measures in dementia research, particularly in clinical trials, and highlights the importance of considering the limitations of screening instruments like the TICS-m in the context of modern dementia diagnosis techniques. The study underscores the need for high-quality evaluation of dementia cases and their characteristics, as the success of primary prevention strategies for dementia and AD depends on it.The article discusses the use of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-modified (TICS-m) in identifying mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. While the TICS-m shows high sensitivity in detecting dementia, it has limited utility in distinguishing between Alzheimer's disease (AD), MCI, and normal cognition, especially in older populations with high prevalence of these conditions. The TICS-m may be useful as an initial screening tool for community-based studies to estimate dementia and MCI prevalence, but its accuracy depends on the cut point used and subsequent diagnostic criteria. It is also less effective in identifying early dementia or MCI cases, as it may miss those with TICS-m scores above the screening cut point. The TICS-m can be used in longitudinal studies to measure dementia incidence, but it may miss early cases unless the cut point is set very high. The use of TICS-m in clinical trials may introduce survival bias, as early diagnosed dementia cases may die before being identified, leading to underestimation of dementia incidence. Additionally, the TICS-m may miss important cognitive changes in other domains, such as visuospatial functions, which are relevant to clinical trials. The article emphasizes the need for careful standardization of outcome measures in dementia research, particularly in clinical trials, and highlights the importance of considering the limitations of screening instruments like the TICS-m in the context of modern dementia diagnosis techniques. The study underscores the need for high-quality evaluation of dementia cases and their characteristics, as the success of primary prevention strategies for dementia and AD depends on it.