The article reviews the use of natural mordants and dyes in textile dyeing, addressing the environmental and health concerns associated with synthetic dyes. Natural dyes, derived from plants, animals, minerals, microbes, and waste, offer eco-friendly, biodegradable, and non-hazardous alternatives. However, they often have poor color fastness and a limited range of shades. The review discusses various methods to enhance dyeing, including sonication, plasma, ultraviolet, microwave, and gamma irradiation. The use of mordants, particularly bio-mordants, is highlighted as a solution to improve the bonding of natural dyes to fabrics, enhancing their washing fastness. The article also covers the classification of natural dyes based on their origin, chemical structure, color, and application, and explores the environmental benefits of bio-mordant-assisted natural dyeing over conventional metal mordants. Despite the advantages, challenges remain, such as the limited shade range and the need for further research to optimize these methods.The article reviews the use of natural mordants and dyes in textile dyeing, addressing the environmental and health concerns associated with synthetic dyes. Natural dyes, derived from plants, animals, minerals, microbes, and waste, offer eco-friendly, biodegradable, and non-hazardous alternatives. However, they often have poor color fastness and a limited range of shades. The review discusses various methods to enhance dyeing, including sonication, plasma, ultraviolet, microwave, and gamma irradiation. The use of mordants, particularly bio-mordants, is highlighted as a solution to improve the bonding of natural dyes to fabrics, enhancing their washing fastness. The article also covers the classification of natural dyes based on their origin, chemical structure, color, and application, and explores the environmental benefits of bio-mordant-assisted natural dyeing over conventional metal mordants. Despite the advantages, challenges remain, such as the limited shade range and the need for further research to optimize these methods.