The chapter provides an overview of the basic principles of brain development, emphasizing the dynamic and adaptive processes that occur from early embryonic stages through adolescence. It highlights the interaction between genetic and environmental factors, which are essential for normal brain development. The text covers key milestones such as the differentiation of neural progenitor cells, the formation of the neural tube, and the establishment of neural networks. It also discusses the role of gene expression, neuron production, migration, and differentiation in shaping the brain's structure and function. The chapter emphasizes the complex and continuous nature of neural patterning, which involves the continuous specification and refinement of brain areas. Additionally, it explores the effects of experience on brain development, including plasticity and the capacity for adaptation. The chapter aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of brain development for researchers from various disciplines.The chapter provides an overview of the basic principles of brain development, emphasizing the dynamic and adaptive processes that occur from early embryonic stages through adolescence. It highlights the interaction between genetic and environmental factors, which are essential for normal brain development. The text covers key milestones such as the differentiation of neural progenitor cells, the formation of the neural tube, and the establishment of neural networks. It also discusses the role of gene expression, neuron production, migration, and differentiation in shaping the brain's structure and function. The chapter emphasizes the complex and continuous nature of neural patterning, which involves the continuous specification and refinement of brain areas. Additionally, it explores the effects of experience on brain development, including plasticity and the capacity for adaptation. The chapter aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of brain development for researchers from various disciplines.