The passage discusses the work of experimental psychologist John H. Johnson, who aims to develop a cohesive model explaining the behavioral effects of lithium. Johnson's research suggests that lithium reduces the behavioral response to novel stimuli and proposes a cognitive model for its anti-manic and prophylactic effects in recurrent depression. Unlike previous clinically based formulations, Johnson views mania as the primary disturbance in bipolar disorder, while depression is seen as an over-zealous response to mania. He attributes lithium's anti-manic effect to decreased cognitive processing and its prophylactic effect to treating subclinical mania. However, the text notes that Johnson's formulation is preliminary and overlooks the role of serotonergic systems in lithium's antidepressant actions, which is crucial for treating medication-resistant depression. Despite these limitations, the book is well-organized and provides valuable insights for behavioral psychologists.The passage discusses the work of experimental psychologist John H. Johnson, who aims to develop a cohesive model explaining the behavioral effects of lithium. Johnson's research suggests that lithium reduces the behavioral response to novel stimuli and proposes a cognitive model for its anti-manic and prophylactic effects in recurrent depression. Unlike previous clinically based formulations, Johnson views mania as the primary disturbance in bipolar disorder, while depression is seen as an over-zealous response to mania. He attributes lithium's anti-manic effect to decreased cognitive processing and its prophylactic effect to treating subclinical mania. However, the text notes that Johnson's formulation is preliminary and overlooks the role of serotonergic systems in lithium's antidepressant actions, which is crucial for treating medication-resistant depression. Despite these limitations, the book is well-organized and provides valuable insights for behavioral psychologists.