This study explores the relationship between knowledge management (KM) processes and organizational sustainability in higher education institutions (HEIs), with a focus on the moderating effect of online training. Data was collected from private and public universities in the Kurdistan Region using a survey questionnaire and random sampling. The model was evaluated using 165 responses, with analyses including confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, mediation, and moderation. Findings indicate that knowledge codification/storage and knowledge generation have stronger effects on the sustainable development of HEIs in the region. Staff training enhances understanding of KM processes, and workshops positively moderate the sustainability of institutions. Knowledge creation and development have a favorable direct effect on other KM processes, suggesting that HEIs should use appropriate tools to collect and generate information to enhance the positive effects of other KM tools. The study's results contribute to understanding KM processes and their impact on university sustainability in developing countries. Knowledge management is crucial for business success, aiding decision-making, problem-solving, and strategy development. Organizational sustainability is a modern approach that shifts focus from traditional resource control to contributing to environmental, social, and economic impacts. Sustainability is essential for corporations and institutions to manage uncertainties, mitigate risks, and achieve stability in rapidly changing markets. The integration of KM into organizational sustainability emphasizes intellectual capital and innovative practices that foster the exchange of experiences. Learning helps companies adapt to changing environments, but it must be ongoing and market-driven. The study investigates the relationship between KM and organizational sustainability in HEIs, adopting theories from previous studies. The authors examined the model in HEIs based on internal processes like workshops or staff training. Previous studies have empirically investigated the relationship between KM and organizational sustainability.This study explores the relationship between knowledge management (KM) processes and organizational sustainability in higher education institutions (HEIs), with a focus on the moderating effect of online training. Data was collected from private and public universities in the Kurdistan Region using a survey questionnaire and random sampling. The model was evaluated using 165 responses, with analyses including confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, mediation, and moderation. Findings indicate that knowledge codification/storage and knowledge generation have stronger effects on the sustainable development of HEIs in the region. Staff training enhances understanding of KM processes, and workshops positively moderate the sustainability of institutions. Knowledge creation and development have a favorable direct effect on other KM processes, suggesting that HEIs should use appropriate tools to collect and generate information to enhance the positive effects of other KM tools. The study's results contribute to understanding KM processes and their impact on university sustainability in developing countries. Knowledge management is crucial for business success, aiding decision-making, problem-solving, and strategy development. Organizational sustainability is a modern approach that shifts focus from traditional resource control to contributing to environmental, social, and economic impacts. Sustainability is essential for corporations and institutions to manage uncertainties, mitigate risks, and achieve stability in rapidly changing markets. The integration of KM into organizational sustainability emphasizes intellectual capital and innovative practices that foster the exchange of experiences. Learning helps companies adapt to changing environments, but it must be ongoing and market-driven. The study investigates the relationship between KM and organizational sustainability in HEIs, adopting theories from previous studies. The authors examined the model in HEIs based on internal processes like workshops or staff training. Previous studies have empirically investigated the relationship between KM and organizational sustainability.