This study explores the connection between knowledge management processes and organizational sustainability in higher education institutions, particularly in the Kurdistan Region. The research examines the moderating effect of online training on the relationship between knowledge management and college sustainability. Data were collected from private and public universities using a survey questionnaire and a random sample technique, with 165 valid responses. The study employs confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, mediation, and moderation analysis to evaluate the proposed model. The findings indicate that knowledge codification/storage and knowledge generation have a stronger impact on the sustainable development of higher education institutions. Staff training enhances understanding of knowledge management processes, and knowledge utilization positively boosts sustainability through the moderation of workshops. Additionally, knowledge creation and development have a favorable direct effect on other knowledge management processes, suggesting that universities should use appropriate tools to collect and generate information to enhance the positive effects of other KM tools. The study contributes to the understanding of how knowledge management processes influence the sustainable development of universities in developing countries.This study explores the connection between knowledge management processes and organizational sustainability in higher education institutions, particularly in the Kurdistan Region. The research examines the moderating effect of online training on the relationship between knowledge management and college sustainability. Data were collected from private and public universities using a survey questionnaire and a random sample technique, with 165 valid responses. The study employs confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, mediation, and moderation analysis to evaluate the proposed model. The findings indicate that knowledge codification/storage and knowledge generation have a stronger impact on the sustainable development of higher education institutions. Staff training enhances understanding of knowledge management processes, and knowledge utilization positively boosts sustainability through the moderation of workshops. Additionally, knowledge creation and development have a favorable direct effect on other knowledge management processes, suggesting that universities should use appropriate tools to collect and generate information to enhance the positive effects of other KM tools. The study contributes to the understanding of how knowledge management processes influence the sustainable development of universities in developing countries.