The article by Jeffrey D. Karpicke and Henry L. Roediger III, published in Science in 2008, highlights the critical importance of retrieval practice in learning. The study compared four conditions: a standard learning condition where students repeatedly studied and tested, and three dropout conditions where items were either dropped from further study or testing after initial recall. The results showed that repeated testing significantly improved long-term retention, while repeated studying after initial recall had no effect. This demonstrates that retrieval practice is essential for consolidating learning, even though students often do not realize its benefits. The study also addressed the relationship between the speed of learning and the rate of forgetting, finding that the type of practice, not the speed of learning, determines the forgetting rate. The findings challenge the conventional wisdom that repeated studying is beneficial and suggest that students should focus on repeated retrieval practice to enhance long-term retention.The article by Jeffrey D. Karpicke and Henry L. Roediger III, published in Science in 2008, highlights the critical importance of retrieval practice in learning. The study compared four conditions: a standard learning condition where students repeatedly studied and tested, and three dropout conditions where items were either dropped from further study or testing after initial recall. The results showed that repeated testing significantly improved long-term retention, while repeated studying after initial recall had no effect. This demonstrates that retrieval practice is essential for consolidating learning, even though students often do not realize its benefits. The study also addressed the relationship between the speed of learning and the rate of forgetting, finding that the type of practice, not the speed of learning, determines the forgetting rate. The findings challenge the conventional wisdom that repeated studying is beneficial and suggest that students should focus on repeated retrieval practice to enhance long-term retention.