The study "The Domestication of Social Cognition in Dogs" by Brian Hare, Michelle Brown, Christina Williamson, and Michael Tomasello, published in *Science* in 2002, investigates the social cognitive abilities of dogs compared to great apes and wolves. The researchers found that dogs are more skilled than great apes at using human social cues to find hidden food, even when they have had little human contact. In contrast, wolves raised by humans do not show these same skills. The study suggests that during the process of domestication, dogs have been selected for specific social-cognitive abilities that enable them to communicate with humans in unique ways. The findings support the domestication hypothesis, which posits that dogs' social-communicative skills with humans were acquired during the domestication process. The study also rules out other hypotheses, such as the canid generalization hypothesis and the human exposure hypothesis, by demonstrating that dogs outperform wolves in using human social cues and that dog puppies' performance does not vary based on age or rearing history with humans.The study "The Domestication of Social Cognition in Dogs" by Brian Hare, Michelle Brown, Christina Williamson, and Michael Tomasello, published in *Science* in 2002, investigates the social cognitive abilities of dogs compared to great apes and wolves. The researchers found that dogs are more skilled than great apes at using human social cues to find hidden food, even when they have had little human contact. In contrast, wolves raised by humans do not show these same skills. The study suggests that during the process of domestication, dogs have been selected for specific social-cognitive abilities that enable them to communicate with humans in unique ways. The findings support the domestication hypothesis, which posits that dogs' social-communicative skills with humans were acquired during the domestication process. The study also rules out other hypotheses, such as the canid generalization hypothesis and the human exposure hypothesis, by demonstrating that dogs outperform wolves in using human social cues and that dog puppies' performance does not vary based on age or rearing history with humans.