The article provides a comprehensive review of the global burden of sepsis and septic shock, highlighting their prevalence, incidence, and mortality rates worldwide. Sepsis, a dysregulated host response to infection, and septic shock, a severe form of sepsis, are significant health burdens with high morbidity and mortality rates. The review emphasizes the differences in incidence, prevalence, and fatality rates between high-income countries (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), with LMICs disproportionately affected. Key risk factors and comorbidities, such as age, sex, chronic diseases, and infectious illnesses, are discussed. The article also addresses the challenges in early detection, diagnosis, and clinical management in resource-limited settings, including the lack of access to healthcare services, inadequate diagnostic tools, and limited resources for antimicrobial therapy. Economic burdens and healthcare costs associated with sepsis are significant, impacting both developed and developing countries. Prevention strategies, quality improvement initiatives, and future directions in global sepsis management are also explored, emphasizing the need for context-specific interventions and enhanced awareness.The article provides a comprehensive review of the global burden of sepsis and septic shock, highlighting their prevalence, incidence, and mortality rates worldwide. Sepsis, a dysregulated host response to infection, and septic shock, a severe form of sepsis, are significant health burdens with high morbidity and mortality rates. The review emphasizes the differences in incidence, prevalence, and fatality rates between high-income countries (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), with LMICs disproportionately affected. Key risk factors and comorbidities, such as age, sex, chronic diseases, and infectious illnesses, are discussed. The article also addresses the challenges in early detection, diagnosis, and clinical management in resource-limited settings, including the lack of access to healthcare services, inadequate diagnostic tools, and limited resources for antimicrobial therapy. Economic burdens and healthcare costs associated with sepsis are significant, impacting both developed and developing countries. Prevention strategies, quality improvement initiatives, and future directions in global sepsis management are also explored, emphasizing the need for context-specific interventions and enhanced awareness.