The article "The Human Connectome: A Structural Description of the Human Brain" by Sporns, Tononi, and Kötter discusses the importance of understanding the structural connectivity of the human brain, referred to as the "connectome." The authors argue that while there is extensive research on functional neuroimaging and cognitive neuroscience, there is a significant lack of detailed anatomical connection data for the human brain. They propose a research strategy to compile a comprehensive connectome, which would include information on neural elements and their connections at multiple scales: single neurons and synapses (microscale), anatomically distinct brain regions and pathways (macroscale), and neuronal groups or populations (mesoscale). The article outlines the challenges and potential methods for achieving this, including diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and tractography, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and axonal tracing. The authors emphasize the importance of integrating individual variability and developmental stages into the connectome to make it a useful resource for understanding brain function and dysfunction. They also highlight the potential impact of the connectome on computational and cognitive neuroscience, as well as its role in mapping brain structure to function and understanding brain diseases.The article "The Human Connectome: A Structural Description of the Human Brain" by Sporns, Tononi, and Kötter discusses the importance of understanding the structural connectivity of the human brain, referred to as the "connectome." The authors argue that while there is extensive research on functional neuroimaging and cognitive neuroscience, there is a significant lack of detailed anatomical connection data for the human brain. They propose a research strategy to compile a comprehensive connectome, which would include information on neural elements and their connections at multiple scales: single neurons and synapses (microscale), anatomically distinct brain regions and pathways (macroscale), and neuronal groups or populations (mesoscale). The article outlines the challenges and potential methods for achieving this, including diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and tractography, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and axonal tracing. The authors emphasize the importance of integrating individual variability and developmental stages into the connectome to make it a useful resource for understanding brain function and dysfunction. They also highlight the potential impact of the connectome on computational and cognitive neuroscience, as well as its role in mapping brain structure to function and understanding brain diseases.