The article "The Impact of Charging Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles on a Residential Distribution Grid" by Kristien Clement-Nyns, Edwin Haesen, and Johan Driesen explores the impact of charging plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) on residential distribution grids. PHEVs, which can be charged at home or in corporate car parks, contribute to increased electrical loads, leading to power losses and voltage deviations. The study focuses on coordinated charging to minimize these issues. The authors analyze the effects of uncoordinated and coordinated charging on power losses and voltage deviations. Uncoordinated charging, where vehicles are charged immediately upon plugging in or after a fixed delay, can lead to significant power losses and voltage deviations, especially during peak load periods. In contrast, coordinated charging, managed through smart metering, can flatten the charging demand, reducing these issues. The study uses a 34-node IEEE test feeder and considers two scenarios: deterministic and stochastic programming. The deterministic scenario uses historical load data, while the stochastic scenario incorporates uncertainty in load forecasting. Both techniques aim to minimize power losses and voltage deviations. Key findings include: - Uncoordinated charging results in higher power losses and voltage deviations. - Coordinated charging significantly reduces these issues, making the grid more efficient. - The choice of charging periods is crucial; charging during off-peak hours is more effective than peak hours. - Smart metering systems can help manage coordinated charging, potentially reducing grid upgrades and costs. The article concludes that coordinated charging can significantly improve the performance of residential distribution grids, but it requires investment in smart metering systems. The techniques used, such as quadratic programming and dynamic programming, can be extended to other objectives like voltage control and grid balancing.The article "The Impact of Charging Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles on a Residential Distribution Grid" by Kristien Clement-Nyns, Edwin Haesen, and Johan Driesen explores the impact of charging plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) on residential distribution grids. PHEVs, which can be charged at home or in corporate car parks, contribute to increased electrical loads, leading to power losses and voltage deviations. The study focuses on coordinated charging to minimize these issues. The authors analyze the effects of uncoordinated and coordinated charging on power losses and voltage deviations. Uncoordinated charging, where vehicles are charged immediately upon plugging in or after a fixed delay, can lead to significant power losses and voltage deviations, especially during peak load periods. In contrast, coordinated charging, managed through smart metering, can flatten the charging demand, reducing these issues. The study uses a 34-node IEEE test feeder and considers two scenarios: deterministic and stochastic programming. The deterministic scenario uses historical load data, while the stochastic scenario incorporates uncertainty in load forecasting. Both techniques aim to minimize power losses and voltage deviations. Key findings include: - Uncoordinated charging results in higher power losses and voltage deviations. - Coordinated charging significantly reduces these issues, making the grid more efficient. - The choice of charging periods is crucial; charging during off-peak hours is more effective than peak hours. - Smart metering systems can help manage coordinated charging, potentially reducing grid upgrades and costs. The article concludes that coordinated charging can significantly improve the performance of residential distribution grids, but it requires investment in smart metering systems. The techniques used, such as quadratic programming and dynamic programming, can be extended to other objectives like voltage control and grid balancing.