This narrative review examines the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on pediatric oral health, emphasizing disparities in dental caries prevalence and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among children from different socioeconomic backgrounds. The review highlights a consistent association between lower SES and adverse pediatric oral health outcomes, influenced by parental education, household income, food security, and neighborhood conditions. It also underscores the importance of the life-course perspective, showing how early-life socioeconomic disadvantages can have long-lasting effects on oral health. Furthermore, the review points to the critical role of school-based oral health education programs and the complex interplay between mental health, SES, and pediatric oral health. By examining the impact of socioeconomic factors across different childhood stages and the effectiveness of educational interventions, this review calls for targeted interventions and policy initiatives aimed at reducing socioeconomic inequalities in pediatric oral health. The findings advocate for a multifaceted approach to improve oral health outcomes for children across socioeconomic backgrounds, ensuring equitable access to oral health care and promoting overall well-being. The review also discusses the impact of socioeconomic factors on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), highlighting the role of parental education, household income, and clinical conditions like dental caries and trauma. Additionally, it explores the influence of neighborhood and community factors on pediatric oral health, emphasizing the importance of community-focused strategies and interventions. The review also addresses the impact of life-course socioeconomic disadvantage on oral health, showing that early-life socioeconomic conditions can have enduring effects on oral health outcomes. Overall, the review emphasizes the need for targeted interventions and policies to address socioeconomic disparities in pediatric oral health.This narrative review examines the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on pediatric oral health, emphasizing disparities in dental caries prevalence and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among children from different socioeconomic backgrounds. The review highlights a consistent association between lower SES and adverse pediatric oral health outcomes, influenced by parental education, household income, food security, and neighborhood conditions. It also underscores the importance of the life-course perspective, showing how early-life socioeconomic disadvantages can have long-lasting effects on oral health. Furthermore, the review points to the critical role of school-based oral health education programs and the complex interplay between mental health, SES, and pediatric oral health. By examining the impact of socioeconomic factors across different childhood stages and the effectiveness of educational interventions, this review calls for targeted interventions and policy initiatives aimed at reducing socioeconomic inequalities in pediatric oral health. The findings advocate for a multifaceted approach to improve oral health outcomes for children across socioeconomic backgrounds, ensuring equitable access to oral health care and promoting overall well-being. The review also discusses the impact of socioeconomic factors on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), highlighting the role of parental education, household income, and clinical conditions like dental caries and trauma. Additionally, it explores the influence of neighborhood and community factors on pediatric oral health, emphasizing the importance of community-focused strategies and interventions. The review also addresses the impact of life-course socioeconomic disadvantage on oral health, showing that early-life socioeconomic conditions can have enduring effects on oral health outcomes. Overall, the review emphasizes the need for targeted interventions and policies to address socioeconomic disparities in pediatric oral health.