The article discusses the role of the human microbiota in the development and persistence of long COVID, a chronic condition affecting many individuals who have recovered from COVID-19. While the effectiveness of vaccines has reduced interest in COVID-19, long COVID remains a significant global health concern. The human microbiota, particularly the gut and upper respiratory tract microbiota, plays a crucial role in health and disease by modulating immune responses. Studies have shown that the nasopharyngeal microbiota is altered in COVID-19 patients, and dysbiosis in the gut has been linked to long COVID. However, the involvement of the microbiota in long COVID is less understood. The article reviews relevant studies, highlighting that long COVID may be underdiagnosed and that the microbiota could be a pivotal factor in its pathogenesis. It suggests that further research is needed to understand the dynamics of microbiota changes in long COVID patients and to explore therapeutic strategies based on microbiota manipulation.The article discusses the role of the human microbiota in the development and persistence of long COVID, a chronic condition affecting many individuals who have recovered from COVID-19. While the effectiveness of vaccines has reduced interest in COVID-19, long COVID remains a significant global health concern. The human microbiota, particularly the gut and upper respiratory tract microbiota, plays a crucial role in health and disease by modulating immune responses. Studies have shown that the nasopharyngeal microbiota is altered in COVID-19 patients, and dysbiosis in the gut has been linked to long COVID. However, the involvement of the microbiota in long COVID is less understood. The article reviews relevant studies, highlighting that long COVID may be underdiagnosed and that the microbiota could be a pivotal factor in its pathogenesis. It suggests that further research is needed to understand the dynamics of microbiota changes in long COVID patients and to explore therapeutic strategies based on microbiota manipulation.