Cellulose-based antibacterial hydrogels have shown great potential in biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility, antibacterial properties, and biodegradability. These hydrogels are composed of cellulose, which has a high number of hydroxyl groups, enabling it to form cross-linked networks. They can be modified to enhance solubility and antibacterial properties. The hydrogels can be prepared through physical or chemical cross-linking methods, such as hydrogen bonding, ionic bonding, and esterification reactions. These methods allow for the creation of hydrogels with controlled mechanical properties and antibacterial effects. Cellulose-based antibacterial hydrogels have various applications, including wound dressings, tissue engineering, and bone tissue repair. In wound dressings, they can absorb wound exudates, maintain a moist environment, and promote healing. In tissue engineering, they can serve as scaffolds for cell growth and tissue regeneration. In bone tissue repair, they can provide a supportive environment for bone cell growth and regeneration. The hydrogels can be modified with metal ions, metal oxide nanoparticles, antibiotics, or biological extracts to enhance their antibacterial properties. For example, hydrogels containing silver nanoparticles or zinc oxide nanoparticles have shown effective antibacterial activity. Hydrogels containing antibiotics can deliver drugs to the wound site, reducing the need for high concentrations of antibiotics. Hydrogels containing biological extracts, such as curcumin or honey, have also shown antibacterial properties. Despite their potential, challenges remain in the development of cellulose-based antibacterial hydrogels, including optimizing the preparation process, improving antibacterial and physical properties, and ensuring safety. However, with continued research and technological advancements, cellulose-based antibacterial hydrogels are expected to play an increasingly important role in biomedical applications.Cellulose-based antibacterial hydrogels have shown great potential in biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility, antibacterial properties, and biodegradability. These hydrogels are composed of cellulose, which has a high number of hydroxyl groups, enabling it to form cross-linked networks. They can be modified to enhance solubility and antibacterial properties. The hydrogels can be prepared through physical or chemical cross-linking methods, such as hydrogen bonding, ionic bonding, and esterification reactions. These methods allow for the creation of hydrogels with controlled mechanical properties and antibacterial effects. Cellulose-based antibacterial hydrogels have various applications, including wound dressings, tissue engineering, and bone tissue repair. In wound dressings, they can absorb wound exudates, maintain a moist environment, and promote healing. In tissue engineering, they can serve as scaffolds for cell growth and tissue regeneration. In bone tissue repair, they can provide a supportive environment for bone cell growth and regeneration. The hydrogels can be modified with metal ions, metal oxide nanoparticles, antibiotics, or biological extracts to enhance their antibacterial properties. For example, hydrogels containing silver nanoparticles or zinc oxide nanoparticles have shown effective antibacterial activity. Hydrogels containing antibiotics can deliver drugs to the wound site, reducing the need for high concentrations of antibiotics. Hydrogels containing biological extracts, such as curcumin or honey, have also shown antibacterial properties. Despite their potential, challenges remain in the development of cellulose-based antibacterial hydrogels, including optimizing the preparation process, improving antibacterial and physical properties, and ensuring safety. However, with continued research and technological advancements, cellulose-based antibacterial hydrogels are expected to play an increasingly important role in biomedical applications.