Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in both physiological and pathological processes, including periodontitis. This review explores the role of IL-6 in periodontitis and its association with other inflammatory diseases. IL-6 is produced by various cell types, including immune and non-immune cells, and plays a key role in immune responses, bone resorption, and inflammation. It is involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis by promoting osteoclast differentiation and bone loss, and is associated with the progression of periodontal disease. IL-6 levels are elevated in periodontitis and are linked to systemic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory diseases, and cancer. IL-6 also influences the development of inflammatory responses and can be a diagnostic marker for periodontal disease. Genetic polymorphisms in the IL-6 gene may affect susceptibility to periodontitis. Treatment approaches for periodontitis aim to reduce IL-6 levels and improve clinical outcomes. IL-6 is a significant factor in the progression and recurrence of periodontitis, and its regulation is crucial for effective treatment and prevention. The review highlights the importance of IL-6 in periodontitis and its broader implications for systemic health.Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in both physiological and pathological processes, including periodontitis. This review explores the role of IL-6 in periodontitis and its association with other inflammatory diseases. IL-6 is produced by various cell types, including immune and non-immune cells, and plays a key role in immune responses, bone resorption, and inflammation. It is involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis by promoting osteoclast differentiation and bone loss, and is associated with the progression of periodontal disease. IL-6 levels are elevated in periodontitis and are linked to systemic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory diseases, and cancer. IL-6 also influences the development of inflammatory responses and can be a diagnostic marker for periodontal disease. Genetic polymorphisms in the IL-6 gene may affect susceptibility to periodontitis. Treatment approaches for periodontitis aim to reduce IL-6 levels and improve clinical outcomes. IL-6 is a significant factor in the progression and recurrence of periodontitis, and its regulation is crucial for effective treatment and prevention. The review highlights the importance of IL-6 in periodontitis and its broader implications for systemic health.