This study investigates the role of sulfhydryl (thiol) groups in oral and periodontal diseases. The research evaluated the sulfhydryl group concentrations in gingival tissue from healthy individuals, those with gingivitis, and those with periodontitis. Using spectrophotometric analysis with dithionitrobenzoate (DTNB), the study found significantly lower levels of sulfhydryl groups in patients with gingivitis and periodontitis compared to healthy individuals. These findings suggest that sulfhydryl groups play a crucial role in defending against free radicals and are involved in detoxification, signal transduction, apoptosis, and other molecular functions. The study highlights the importance of sulfhydryl groups in maintaining the redox balance and antioxidant activity in gingival tissues. The results indicate that reduced sulfhydryl group levels are associated with increased oxidative stress and inflammation in periodontal diseases. The study also emphasizes the potential of sulfhydryl groups as therapeutic targets for managing periodontal diseases. The findings contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying periodontal disease and support the development of new therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring sulfhydryl group levels in gingival tissues.This study investigates the role of sulfhydryl (thiol) groups in oral and periodontal diseases. The research evaluated the sulfhydryl group concentrations in gingival tissue from healthy individuals, those with gingivitis, and those with periodontitis. Using spectrophotometric analysis with dithionitrobenzoate (DTNB), the study found significantly lower levels of sulfhydryl groups in patients with gingivitis and periodontitis compared to healthy individuals. These findings suggest that sulfhydryl groups play a crucial role in defending against free radicals and are involved in detoxification, signal transduction, apoptosis, and other molecular functions. The study highlights the importance of sulfhydryl groups in maintaining the redox balance and antioxidant activity in gingival tissues. The results indicate that reduced sulfhydryl group levels are associated with increased oxidative stress and inflammation in periodontal diseases. The study also emphasizes the potential of sulfhydryl groups as therapeutic targets for managing periodontal diseases. The findings contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying periodontal disease and support the development of new therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring sulfhydryl group levels in gingival tissues.