The article "The Semantic Web - on the respective Roles of XML and RDF" by Stefan Decker, Sergey Melnik, and others, published in IEEE Internet Computing in 2000, discusses the roles of XML and RDF in the Semantic Web. The authors argue that while XML is widely used for document structure, it lacks the semantic capabilities needed for machine-processable information, which is essential for the Semantic Web. They propose that RDF, with its object-attribute-value model, is better suited for semantic interoperability and can facilitate more sophisticated ontology representation techniques. The article highlights the importance of ontologies in enabling Web-based knowledge processing, sharing, and reuse. It explains how ontologies provide a common understanding of topics between people and application systems. The authors also discuss the limitations of XML in achieving semantic interoperability, such as its inability to recognize semantic units from specific domains. To address these limitations, the authors propose a method for encoding ontology representation languages into RDF/RDF schema. They illustrate this method using OIL (Ontology Inference Language), an ontology representation and inference language. The article includes detailed explanations of XML and RDF, their respective advantages, and the challenges of using XML for semantic interoperability. The authors conclude that while XML is important for the Semantic Web, RDF is more suitable for achieving semantic interoperability and enabling intelligent services. They emphasize the need for further research and development to integrate arbitrary knowledge-representation languages with RDF, making the Semantic Web more flexible and powerful.The article "The Semantic Web - on the respective Roles of XML and RDF" by Stefan Decker, Sergey Melnik, and others, published in IEEE Internet Computing in 2000, discusses the roles of XML and RDF in the Semantic Web. The authors argue that while XML is widely used for document structure, it lacks the semantic capabilities needed for machine-processable information, which is essential for the Semantic Web. They propose that RDF, with its object-attribute-value model, is better suited for semantic interoperability and can facilitate more sophisticated ontology representation techniques. The article highlights the importance of ontologies in enabling Web-based knowledge processing, sharing, and reuse. It explains how ontologies provide a common understanding of topics between people and application systems. The authors also discuss the limitations of XML in achieving semantic interoperability, such as its inability to recognize semantic units from specific domains. To address these limitations, the authors propose a method for encoding ontology representation languages into RDF/RDF schema. They illustrate this method using OIL (Ontology Inference Language), an ontology representation and inference language. The article includes detailed explanations of XML and RDF, their respective advantages, and the challenges of using XML for semantic interoperability. The authors conclude that while XML is important for the Semantic Web, RDF is more suitable for achieving semantic interoperability and enabling intelligent services. They emphasize the need for further research and development to integrate arbitrary knowledge-representation languages with RDF, making the Semantic Web more flexible and powerful.