The "Shell Bitumen Handbook" is a comprehensive guide to the properties, manufacturing, and applications of bitumens and asphalts. The book is divided into 20 chapters, covering a wide range of topics from the historical use of bituminous binders to modern applications and testing methods. - **Chapter 1** provides an introduction, discussing the earliest uses of bituminous binders, the growth of bitumen consumption in Europe, and the sources of binder. - **Chapter 2** focuses on the manufacture, storage, handling, and environmental aspects of bitumens. - **Chapter 3** explores the constitution, structure, and rheology of bitumens, including the relationship between chemical composition and physical properties. - **Chapter 4** details the specifications and quality of bitumens, including penetration grade, oxidized, hard, and cutback bitumens, as well as CEN and SHRP/SUPERPAVE specifications. - **Chapter 5** discusses polymer-modified and special bitumens, including their role in asphalt, modification techniques, multigrade bitumens, pigmentable binders, fuel-resistant binders, thermosetting binders, and cost-performance relationships. - **Chapter 6** covers bitumen emulsions, including emulsifiers, manufacturing, properties, classification, modification, and uses. - **Chapter 7** presents mechanical testing and properties of bitumens, such as standard specification tests, viscosity, temperature susceptibility, and engineering properties. - **Chapter 8** addresses the durability of bitumens, including hardening, ageing tests, and bitumen ageing. - **Chapter 9** discusses adhesion of bitumens, factors affecting adhesion, disbonding mechanisms, measurement methods, and improvement techniques. - **Chapter 10** examines the influence of bitumen properties on the performance of asphalts during construction and in service. - **Chapter 11** covers aggregates in asphalts, including their origins, types, and extraction, as well as European standards. - **Chapter 12** describes different types and applications of asphalts, such as coated macadam, hot-rolled asphalt, thin surfacings, and major carriageway asphalts. - **Chapter 13** provides specifications, composition, and design guidelines for asphalts, including base and binder courses, surface courses, and mixture selection. - **Chapter 14** discusses asphalt production plants, types of mixing plants, recycled asphalt pavement, additive systems, and production control testing. - **Chapter 15** covers the transportation, laying, and compaction of asphalts, including transportation, tack coats, pavers, screed systems, paving operations, compaction, and field control. - **Chapter 16** presents various testing methods for asphalts, including fundamental, simThe "Shell Bitumen Handbook" is a comprehensive guide to the properties, manufacturing, and applications of bitumens and asphalts. The book is divided into 20 chapters, covering a wide range of topics from the historical use of bituminous binders to modern applications and testing methods. - **Chapter 1** provides an introduction, discussing the earliest uses of bituminous binders, the growth of bitumen consumption in Europe, and the sources of binder. - **Chapter 2** focuses on the manufacture, storage, handling, and environmental aspects of bitumens. - **Chapter 3** explores the constitution, structure, and rheology of bitumens, including the relationship between chemical composition and physical properties. - **Chapter 4** details the specifications and quality of bitumens, including penetration grade, oxidized, hard, and cutback bitumens, as well as CEN and SHRP/SUPERPAVE specifications. - **Chapter 5** discusses polymer-modified and special bitumens, including their role in asphalt, modification techniques, multigrade bitumens, pigmentable binders, fuel-resistant binders, thermosetting binders, and cost-performance relationships. - **Chapter 6** covers bitumen emulsions, including emulsifiers, manufacturing, properties, classification, modification, and uses. - **Chapter 7** presents mechanical testing and properties of bitumens, such as standard specification tests, viscosity, temperature susceptibility, and engineering properties. - **Chapter 8** addresses the durability of bitumens, including hardening, ageing tests, and bitumen ageing. - **Chapter 9** discusses adhesion of bitumens, factors affecting adhesion, disbonding mechanisms, measurement methods, and improvement techniques. - **Chapter 10** examines the influence of bitumen properties on the performance of asphalts during construction and in service. - **Chapter 11** covers aggregates in asphalts, including their origins, types, and extraction, as well as European standards. - **Chapter 12** describes different types and applications of asphalts, such as coated macadam, hot-rolled asphalt, thin surfacings, and major carriageway asphalts. - **Chapter 13** provides specifications, composition, and design guidelines for asphalts, including base and binder courses, surface courses, and mixture selection. - **Chapter 14** discusses asphalt production plants, types of mixing plants, recycled asphalt pavement, additive systems, and production control testing. - **Chapter 15** covers the transportation, laying, and compaction of asphalts, including transportation, tack coats, pavers, screed systems, paving operations, compaction, and field control. - **Chapter 16** presents various testing methods for asphalts, including fundamental, sim