The paper "The Atmospheric Input of Trace Species to the World Ocean" by R.A. Duce et al. assesses the global atmospheric deposition of trace species to the oceans, focusing on both natural and anthropogenic substances. The study highlights that atmospheric inputs are generally equal to or greater than riverine inputs, with significant differences between hemispheres. For dissolved trace metals, atmospheric input dominates over riverine input in the northern hemisphere for Pb, Cd, and Zn, while the two sources are roughly equal for Cu, Ni, As, and Fe. Fluxes and deposition of trace metals are higher in the North Atlantic and North Pacific regions. Global input of oxidized and reduced nitrogen species is roughly equal, but oxidized nitrogen primarily enters the ocean in the northern hemisphere due to pollution sources. Synthetic organic compounds like HCH, PCBs, DDT, and HCB are completely dominated by atmospheric input. The paper discusses the challenges in measuring atmospheric deposition rates and the use of indirect methods to estimate fluxes, including the calculation of exchange coefficients and precipitation scavenging ratios. It also reviews the climatology of atmospheric transport and precipitation over the oceans, emphasizing the importance of long-range transport and the role of mesoscale features. The authors conclude by recommending further research to better understand source behavior and improve model skill.The paper "The Atmospheric Input of Trace Species to the World Ocean" by R.A. Duce et al. assesses the global atmospheric deposition of trace species to the oceans, focusing on both natural and anthropogenic substances. The study highlights that atmospheric inputs are generally equal to or greater than riverine inputs, with significant differences between hemispheres. For dissolved trace metals, atmospheric input dominates over riverine input in the northern hemisphere for Pb, Cd, and Zn, while the two sources are roughly equal for Cu, Ni, As, and Fe. Fluxes and deposition of trace metals are higher in the North Atlantic and North Pacific regions. Global input of oxidized and reduced nitrogen species is roughly equal, but oxidized nitrogen primarily enters the ocean in the northern hemisphere due to pollution sources. Synthetic organic compounds like HCH, PCBs, DDT, and HCB are completely dominated by atmospheric input. The paper discusses the challenges in measuring atmospheric deposition rates and the use of indirect methods to estimate fluxes, including the calculation of exchange coefficients and precipitation scavenging ratios. It also reviews the climatology of atmospheric transport and precipitation over the oceans, emphasizing the importance of long-range transport and the role of mesoscale features. The authors conclude by recommending further research to better understand source behavior and improve model skill.