The Chloroflexota phylum, comprising diverse microorganisms adapted to extreme environments, showcases a rich metabolic diversity that makes it a promising resource for biotechnological applications. This review highlights the ecological significance and biotechnological potential of Chloroflexota, emphasizing its ability to thrive in various conditions, from anaerobic to aerobic environments, and its role in carbon, sulfur, and halogen cycling. Key members like *Chloroflexus aurantiacus* and *Anaerolineae* class organisms are noted for their unique metabolic capabilities, such as thermophilic growth, anaerobic degradations, and complex organic compound degradation. The review also discusses the biotechnological relevance of Chloroflexota, including enzyme production for energy and chemical synthesis, biodegradation of contaminants, and wastewater and soil treatment. Additionally, it explores unexplored metabolic pathways, such as methane oxidation, dissimilatory iron reduction, denitrification, and PHA production, which could further enhance the biotechnological applications of Chloroflexota. The conclusion underscores the need for further research to unlock the full potential of these microorganisms, particularly in photoautotrophic members, for developing CO2-negative technologies and sustainable bioprocesses.The Chloroflexota phylum, comprising diverse microorganisms adapted to extreme environments, showcases a rich metabolic diversity that makes it a promising resource for biotechnological applications. This review highlights the ecological significance and biotechnological potential of Chloroflexota, emphasizing its ability to thrive in various conditions, from anaerobic to aerobic environments, and its role in carbon, sulfur, and halogen cycling. Key members like *Chloroflexus aurantiacus* and *Anaerolineae* class organisms are noted for their unique metabolic capabilities, such as thermophilic growth, anaerobic degradations, and complex organic compound degradation. The review also discusses the biotechnological relevance of Chloroflexota, including enzyme production for energy and chemical synthesis, biodegradation of contaminants, and wastewater and soil treatment. Additionally, it explores unexplored metabolic pathways, such as methane oxidation, dissimilatory iron reduction, denitrification, and PHA production, which could further enhance the biotechnological applications of Chloroflexota. The conclusion underscores the need for further research to unlock the full potential of these microorganisms, particularly in photoautotrophic members, for developing CO2-negative technologies and sustainable bioprocesses.