Book Reviews

Book Reviews

| Edwin Clarke, M.D., F.R.C.P., Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine, 183 Euston Road, London NW1 2BP
**Review of *Historical Medical Classics Involving New Drugs* by John C. Krantz, Jr.** The book, published in 1974, compiles the histories of various drugs such as digitalis, morphine, nitroglycerin, aspirin, adrenaline, arsphenamine, insulin, vitamin B12, sulphonamides, penicillin, streptomycin, LSD, and fluorinated anesthetics. It includes biographical accounts of the pioneers and excerpts from their classic papers or books. However, the review criticizes the book for being filled with factual and interpretative errors, including minor and significant mistakes. The analysis of historical developments is often incorrect, and vital secondary literature is omitted. The book is also noted to be repetitive of material presented in a previous work by B. Holmstedt and A. Liljestrand. **Review of *The Birth of the Clinic: An Archaeology of Medical Perception* by Michel Foucault** This book, first published in 1963, explores the origins of medicine as a clinical science from about 1790 to 1835. Foucault examines the evolution of medical observation techniques and their interplay with political ideology, theoretical advances, morals, authority, and finance. The book is significant for its innovative historical analysis and its emphasis on the rapid transformation of epistemological foundations during this period. While the text is challenging to read due to obscurities, it is essential for understanding eighteenth- and nineteenth-century medicine. **Review of *The Scientific Origins of National Socialism: Social Darwinism in Ernst Haeckel and the German Monist League* by Daniel Gasman** This controversial book argues that Nazi ideology was influenced more by science than previously acknowledged. It focuses on Ernst Haeckel and the Monist League, who used social Darwinism to create a romantic vision of science that directly influenced Hitler. The book highlights the danger of scientific concepts being manipulated and the mystical significance of biology in Nazi ideology. It is essential for understanding modern Germany and the history of scientific ideas, offering a well-written, accurate, and documented presentation of the influence of pseudo-science.**Review of *Historical Medical Classics Involving New Drugs* by John C. Krantz, Jr.** The book, published in 1974, compiles the histories of various drugs such as digitalis, morphine, nitroglycerin, aspirin, adrenaline, arsphenamine, insulin, vitamin B12, sulphonamides, penicillin, streptomycin, LSD, and fluorinated anesthetics. It includes biographical accounts of the pioneers and excerpts from their classic papers or books. However, the review criticizes the book for being filled with factual and interpretative errors, including minor and significant mistakes. The analysis of historical developments is often incorrect, and vital secondary literature is omitted. The book is also noted to be repetitive of material presented in a previous work by B. Holmstedt and A. Liljestrand. **Review of *The Birth of the Clinic: An Archaeology of Medical Perception* by Michel Foucault** This book, first published in 1963, explores the origins of medicine as a clinical science from about 1790 to 1835. Foucault examines the evolution of medical observation techniques and their interplay with political ideology, theoretical advances, morals, authority, and finance. The book is significant for its innovative historical analysis and its emphasis on the rapid transformation of epistemological foundations during this period. While the text is challenging to read due to obscurities, it is essential for understanding eighteenth- and nineteenth-century medicine. **Review of *The Scientific Origins of National Socialism: Social Darwinism in Ernst Haeckel and the German Monist League* by Daniel Gasman** This controversial book argues that Nazi ideology was influenced more by science than previously acknowledged. It focuses on Ernst Haeckel and the Monist League, who used social Darwinism to create a romantic vision of science that directly influenced Hitler. The book highlights the danger of scientific concepts being manipulated and the mystical significance of biology in Nazi ideology. It is essential for understanding modern Germany and the history of scientific ideas, offering a well-written, accurate, and documented presentation of the influence of pseudo-science.
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[slides and audio] The birth of the clinic. An archaeology of medical perception