The article reviews the global patterns of female breast cancer incidence and mortality, highlighting the significant variations observed in different regions. Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide, accounting for over one-fifth of all cancer diagnoses in females and the second most common tumor in both sexes. The highest incidence rates are found in northern and western Europe, northern America, Australia, New Zealand, and southern South America, while incidence rates are low in Africa, Asia, and most of Central and South America. The article discusses the impact of various socio-economic factors, such as reproductive history, hormonal exposure, and lifestyle changes, on these variations. It also examines the role of early detection through mammographic screening and advancements in treatment and disease management in reducing mortality rates. The review includes data from population-based cancer registries and WHO databases, and it concludes with a discussion on future prevention strategies, emphasizing the importance of breastfeeding promotion and genetic testing for high-risk individuals.The article reviews the global patterns of female breast cancer incidence and mortality, highlighting the significant variations observed in different regions. Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide, accounting for over one-fifth of all cancer diagnoses in females and the second most common tumor in both sexes. The highest incidence rates are found in northern and western Europe, northern America, Australia, New Zealand, and southern South America, while incidence rates are low in Africa, Asia, and most of Central and South America. The article discusses the impact of various socio-economic factors, such as reproductive history, hormonal exposure, and lifestyle changes, on these variations. It also examines the role of early detection through mammographic screening and advancements in treatment and disease management in reducing mortality rates. The review includes data from population-based cancer registries and WHO databases, and it concludes with a discussion on future prevention strategies, emphasizing the importance of breastfeeding promotion and genetic testing for high-risk individuals.