The solar chemical composition is crucial for understanding the formation, structure, and evolution of the Sun and the solar system. This review presents a revised determination of solar elemental abundances using a realistic 3D hydrodynamical model of the solar atmosphere. The results show significantly lower abundances of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and neon compared to previous values. These findings are supported by internal consistency among abundance indicators and agreement with values from the solar neighborhood and pristine meteorites. However, there is a conflict with standard solar interior models based on helioseismology. The solar photospheric abundances are determined using observations, atomic data, and sophisticated models. The review discusses various elements, including lithium, beryllium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and others, highlighting the challenges in determining their abundances due to line blending, non-LTE effects, and the need for accurate atomic data. The recommended abundances are based on a comprehensive analysis using 3D models and non-LTE corrections, showing a lower carbon abundance than previous estimates. The review also addresses the importance of solar abundances for understanding the solar system and other stars, noting that meteoritic data are not reliable for primordial abundances. The solar abundance values are essential for comparing with other stars and for studying the interstellar medium. The review emphasizes the need for accurate solar abundances to understand the Sun's structure and evolution, as well as for meaningful comparisons with other celestial objects. The use of 3D models has improved the accuracy of solar abundance determinations, and the results are consistent with various observational diagnostics. The review concludes that the new solar abundances are more accurate and provide a better understanding of the solar system's composition.The solar chemical composition is crucial for understanding the formation, structure, and evolution of the Sun and the solar system. This review presents a revised determination of solar elemental abundances using a realistic 3D hydrodynamical model of the solar atmosphere. The results show significantly lower abundances of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and neon compared to previous values. These findings are supported by internal consistency among abundance indicators and agreement with values from the solar neighborhood and pristine meteorites. However, there is a conflict with standard solar interior models based on helioseismology. The solar photospheric abundances are determined using observations, atomic data, and sophisticated models. The review discusses various elements, including lithium, beryllium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and others, highlighting the challenges in determining their abundances due to line blending, non-LTE effects, and the need for accurate atomic data. The recommended abundances are based on a comprehensive analysis using 3D models and non-LTE corrections, showing a lower carbon abundance than previous estimates. The review also addresses the importance of solar abundances for understanding the solar system and other stars, noting that meteoritic data are not reliable for primordial abundances. The solar abundance values are essential for comparing with other stars and for studying the interstellar medium. The review emphasizes the need for accurate solar abundances to understand the Sun's structure and evolution, as well as for meaningful comparisons with other celestial objects. The use of 3D models has improved the accuracy of solar abundance determinations, and the results are consistent with various observational diagnostics. The review concludes that the new solar abundances are more accurate and provide a better understanding of the solar system's composition.