The article reviews the current understanding of the cytokine storm in COVID-19, a severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The cytokine storm, characterized by excessive immune responses and high levels of inflammatory cytokines, is a crucial factor in the severity and mortality of COVID-19. The review discusses the features of SARS-CoV-2, its pathogenic mechanisms, and the pathological changes in the lungs. It highlights the importance of identifying and treating the cytokine storm to improve patient outcomes. Various therapies, including corticosteroids, hydroxychloroquine, tocilizumab, mesenchymal stem cells, and other immunomodulatory treatments, are evaluated for their potential benefits and risks in managing the cytokine storm. The article emphasizes the need for high-quality evidence to guide the treatment of severe COVID-19 cases.The article reviews the current understanding of the cytokine storm in COVID-19, a severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The cytokine storm, characterized by excessive immune responses and high levels of inflammatory cytokines, is a crucial factor in the severity and mortality of COVID-19. The review discusses the features of SARS-CoV-2, its pathogenic mechanisms, and the pathological changes in the lungs. It highlights the importance of identifying and treating the cytokine storm to improve patient outcomes. Various therapies, including corticosteroids, hydroxychloroquine, tocilizumab, mesenchymal stem cells, and other immunomodulatory treatments, are evaluated for their potential benefits and risks in managing the cytokine storm. The article emphasizes the need for high-quality evidence to guide the treatment of severe COVID-19 cases.