The paper "Simplifying Complex Objects: The PROBE Approach to Modelling and Querying Them" by Umeshwar Dayal et al. addresses the challenges of handling complex objects in database systems. These objects, which are common in applications like engineering, are often composed of other objects and require specific capabilities for storage, retrieval, update, integrity control, concurrency control, and recovery. The authors argue that while recent papers have described various requirements and capabilities for managing complex objects, these have often been tied to the relational model without clear model-independent requirements. They propose that a limited set of capabilities are necessary and outline how these are being integrated into PROBE, an object-oriented DBMS being developed at CCA. The introduction highlights the importance of managing complex objects in new application domains such as CAD/CAM, geographic information systems, and software engineering, and discusses the limitations of conventional relational database systems in representing and querying these objects.The paper "Simplifying Complex Objects: The PROBE Approach to Modelling and Querying Them" by Umeshwar Dayal et al. addresses the challenges of handling complex objects in database systems. These objects, which are common in applications like engineering, are often composed of other objects and require specific capabilities for storage, retrieval, update, integrity control, concurrency control, and recovery. The authors argue that while recent papers have described various requirements and capabilities for managing complex objects, these have often been tied to the relational model without clear model-independent requirements. They propose that a limited set of capabilities are necessary and outline how these are being integrated into PROBE, an object-oriented DBMS being developed at CCA. The introduction highlights the importance of managing complex objects in new application domains such as CAD/CAM, geographic information systems, and software engineering, and discusses the limitations of conventional relational database systems in representing and querying these objects.