This study examines the development of self-regulation in 108 young children from 14 to 45 months of age, focusing on two forms of compliance: committed compliance (eagerly embracing maternal agenda) and situational compliance (cooperating without sincere commitment). The study also explores internalization in similar contexts and the relationship between compliance and fearfulness or effortful control. Key findings include: 1. **Context Challenges**: The "Do" context, where children are asked to sustain unpleasant behavior, is more challenging than the "Don't" context, where children are asked to suppress pleasant behavior. 2. **Gender Differences**: Girls outperform boys in committed compliance, but not in situational compliance. 3. **Longitudinal Stability**: Both forms of compliance are stable within a given context but not across contexts. 4. **Fearfulness and Effortful Control**: Fearfulness and effortful control correlate positively with committed compliance, especially in the "Don't" context. 5. **Internalization**: Committed compliance is linked to internalization of maternal rules, observed when children are alone in both "Do" and "Don't" contexts, both concurrently and longitudinally. 6. **Maternal Power Assertion**: The links between committed compliance and internalization are not explained by maternal power assertion. 7. **Generalization**: Preliminary evidence suggests that committed compliance may generalize to interactions with adults other than the mother. The study provides a comprehensive description of early compliance and its development, highlighting the importance of context and temperament in shaping children's self-regulation.This study examines the development of self-regulation in 108 young children from 14 to 45 months of age, focusing on two forms of compliance: committed compliance (eagerly embracing maternal agenda) and situational compliance (cooperating without sincere commitment). The study also explores internalization in similar contexts and the relationship between compliance and fearfulness or effortful control. Key findings include: 1. **Context Challenges**: The "Do" context, where children are asked to sustain unpleasant behavior, is more challenging than the "Don't" context, where children are asked to suppress pleasant behavior. 2. **Gender Differences**: Girls outperform boys in committed compliance, but not in situational compliance. 3. **Longitudinal Stability**: Both forms of compliance are stable within a given context but not across contexts. 4. **Fearfulness and Effortful Control**: Fearfulness and effortful control correlate positively with committed compliance, especially in the "Don't" context. 5. **Internalization**: Committed compliance is linked to internalization of maternal rules, observed when children are alone in both "Do" and "Don't" contexts, both concurrently and longitudinally. 6. **Maternal Power Assertion**: The links between committed compliance and internalization are not explained by maternal power assertion. 7. **Generalization**: Preliminary evidence suggests that committed compliance may generalize to interactions with adults other than the mother. The study provides a comprehensive description of early compliance and its development, highlighting the importance of context and temperament in shaping children's self-regulation.