This study examines the relationship between carbon emissions, energy use, income, and life expectancy across three regions: Middle East and North Africa (MENA), Europe and Central Asia (ECA), and Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Using longitudinal data from 82 countries over 30 years, the research investigates how energy consumption, per capita GDP, and life expectancy are linked to carbon emissions. The findings reveal positive correlations between energy use, carbon production, and life expectancy in both the combined sample and individual regions. However, death rates show a negative relationship with carbon production in the combined sample, MENA, and SSA. Per capita GDP positively influences carbon emissions and life expectancy in the combined sample and ECA, MENA, and SSA. The study also identifies asymmetric relationships between per capita GDP and carbon production, supporting the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis for the combined and ECA samples, and an N-trajectory for SSA. These findings emphasize the importance of region-specific approaches to sustainable development, considering unique environmental and economic challenges. Policymakers should consider these insights when designing policies to mitigate the negative impacts of economic progress on the environment. The study also highlights the complex relationship between income and carbon production, which varies across regions. The research provides a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between carbon emissions, energy use, and longevity in different regions, offering insights for developing region-specific policies to reduce emissions. The study uses panel data and various estimation techniques, including FGLS and PCSE, to analyze the relationships between variables. The results show that carbon emissions are positively correlated with energy use and per capita GDP, while life expectancy is negatively correlated with carbon emissions. The study also finds that death rates are negatively correlated with carbon emissions. The findings suggest that economic growth can have both positive and negative effects on the environment, depending on the region and the policies in place. The study underscores the need for region-specific policies to address the complex interactions between economic growth, carbon emissions, and environmental sustainability.This study examines the relationship between carbon emissions, energy use, income, and life expectancy across three regions: Middle East and North Africa (MENA), Europe and Central Asia (ECA), and Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Using longitudinal data from 82 countries over 30 years, the research investigates how energy consumption, per capita GDP, and life expectancy are linked to carbon emissions. The findings reveal positive correlations between energy use, carbon production, and life expectancy in both the combined sample and individual regions. However, death rates show a negative relationship with carbon production in the combined sample, MENA, and SSA. Per capita GDP positively influences carbon emissions and life expectancy in the combined sample and ECA, MENA, and SSA. The study also identifies asymmetric relationships between per capita GDP and carbon production, supporting the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis for the combined and ECA samples, and an N-trajectory for SSA. These findings emphasize the importance of region-specific approaches to sustainable development, considering unique environmental and economic challenges. Policymakers should consider these insights when designing policies to mitigate the negative impacts of economic progress on the environment. The study also highlights the complex relationship between income and carbon production, which varies across regions. The research provides a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between carbon emissions, energy use, and longevity in different regions, offering insights for developing region-specific policies to reduce emissions. The study uses panel data and various estimation techniques, including FGLS and PCSE, to analyze the relationships between variables. The results show that carbon emissions are positively correlated with energy use and per capita GDP, while life expectancy is negatively correlated with carbon emissions. The study also finds that death rates are negatively correlated with carbon emissions. The findings suggest that economic growth can have both positive and negative effects on the environment, depending on the region and the policies in place. The study underscores the need for region-specific policies to address the complex interactions between economic growth, carbon emissions, and environmental sustainability.