The global burden of diabetes and its complications is a significant public health issue, driven by population aging, rising obesity, and inactivity. Type 2 diabetes is the primary focus, with an estimated 240 million cases in 2007, projected to rise to 380 million by 2025. Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) are also increasing, with 308 million cases in 2007 and projected to reach 418 million by 2025. These conditions significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), renal failure, and microvascular complications such as nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. CVD is the leading cause of death among diabetics, accounting for about half of all deaths, while renal failure and blindness are also major contributors. The economic costs of diabetes are substantial, with global health expenditures reaching $232 billion in 2007 and projected to exceed $302 billion by 2025. Effective strategies for controlling diabetes and its complications are crucial to managing this emerging pandemic.The global burden of diabetes and its complications is a significant public health issue, driven by population aging, rising obesity, and inactivity. Type 2 diabetes is the primary focus, with an estimated 240 million cases in 2007, projected to rise to 380 million by 2025. Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) are also increasing, with 308 million cases in 2007 and projected to reach 418 million by 2025. These conditions significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), renal failure, and microvascular complications such as nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. CVD is the leading cause of death among diabetics, accounting for about half of all deaths, while renal failure and blindness are also major contributors. The economic costs of diabetes are substantial, with global health expenditures reaching $232 billion in 2007 and projected to exceed $302 billion by 2025. Effective strategies for controlling diabetes and its complications are crucial to managing this emerging pandemic.