The study reports the high-quality draft genome sequence of grapevine (Vitis vinifera), sequenced from a highly homozygous genotype. This is the fourth plant genome sequence for flowering plants and the first for a fruit crop. The analysis reveals that the grapevine genome has not undergone recent genome duplication, allowing the discovery of ancestral traits and features of flowering plants. The genome assembly consists of 3,514 supercontigs and 19,577 contigs, totaling 487 Mb, close to the expected size of 475 Mb. The grapevine genome contains 30,434 protein-coding genes, with a higher proportion of repetitive/transposable elements (41.4%) compared to rice. The study also identifies large families of genes related to wine characteristics, such as silibene synthases and terpene synthases, which have expanded in the grapevine genome. Paralogous regions were identified, and statistical analysis revealed that 94.5% of these regions are likely paralogous. The analysis of gene order in grapevine, poplar, Arabidopsis, and rice shows that the triplicated arrangement in grapevine is ancestral to many dicotyledonous plants but absent in monocotyledons. This suggests that the triplication event occurred after the divergence of monocots and dicots but before the radiation of Eurosids. The study also highlights the importance of the grapevine genome sequence for understanding agricultural characteristics and developing resistance to pathogens.The study reports the high-quality draft genome sequence of grapevine (Vitis vinifera), sequenced from a highly homozygous genotype. This is the fourth plant genome sequence for flowering plants and the first for a fruit crop. The analysis reveals that the grapevine genome has not undergone recent genome duplication, allowing the discovery of ancestral traits and features of flowering plants. The genome assembly consists of 3,514 supercontigs and 19,577 contigs, totaling 487 Mb, close to the expected size of 475 Mb. The grapevine genome contains 30,434 protein-coding genes, with a higher proportion of repetitive/transposable elements (41.4%) compared to rice. The study also identifies large families of genes related to wine characteristics, such as silibene synthases and terpene synthases, which have expanded in the grapevine genome. Paralogous regions were identified, and statistical analysis revealed that 94.5% of these regions are likely paralogous. The analysis of gene order in grapevine, poplar, Arabidopsis, and rice shows that the triplicated arrangement in grapevine is ancestral to many dicotyledonous plants but absent in monocotyledons. This suggests that the triplication event occurred after the divergence of monocots and dicots but before the radiation of Eurosids. The study also highlights the importance of the grapevine genome sequence for understanding agricultural characteristics and developing resistance to pathogens.