1977, Vol 35, No. 4, 250-256 | Richard E. Nisbett and Timothy DeCamp Wilson
The article by Richard E. Nisbett and Timothy DeCamp Wilson explores the halo effect, a psychological phenomenon where a global evaluation of a person can alter their perceptions of specific attributes, even when sufficient information exists for independent assessments. The study used two videotaped interviews of the same college instructor, one warm and friendly, the other cold and distant. Subjects who saw the warm instructor rated his appearance, mannerisms, and accent as more appealing, while those who saw the cold instructor rated these attributes as more irritating. This suggests that global evaluations can influence attribute ratings, and subjects were unaware of this influence, even reporting the opposite direction of effect.
The authors discuss the nature and strength of the halo effect, noting that it can be subtle or strong, depending on the context. They argue that the halo effect is often unrecognized by individuals, who may deny its influence on their judgments. The study also examines whether subjects are aware of the halo effect, finding that most subjects were unaware of how their global evaluations affected their ratings of specific attributes. This suggests that the halo effect operates subconsciously and may be a fundamental cognitive bias.
The results support the strong interpretation of the halo effect, indicating that global evaluations can significantly alter perceptions of specific attributes, even when independent assessments are possible. The study has implications for various fields, including social interactions, decision-making, and psychological research.The article by Richard E. Nisbett and Timothy DeCamp Wilson explores the halo effect, a psychological phenomenon where a global evaluation of a person can alter their perceptions of specific attributes, even when sufficient information exists for independent assessments. The study used two videotaped interviews of the same college instructor, one warm and friendly, the other cold and distant. Subjects who saw the warm instructor rated his appearance, mannerisms, and accent as more appealing, while those who saw the cold instructor rated these attributes as more irritating. This suggests that global evaluations can influence attribute ratings, and subjects were unaware of this influence, even reporting the opposite direction of effect.
The authors discuss the nature and strength of the halo effect, noting that it can be subtle or strong, depending on the context. They argue that the halo effect is often unrecognized by individuals, who may deny its influence on their judgments. The study also examines whether subjects are aware of the halo effect, finding that most subjects were unaware of how their global evaluations affected their ratings of specific attributes. This suggests that the halo effect operates subconsciously and may be a fundamental cognitive bias.
The results support the strong interpretation of the halo effect, indicating that global evaluations can significantly alter perceptions of specific attributes, even when independent assessments are possible. The study has implications for various fields, including social interactions, decision-making, and psychological research.