The human gut virome, consisting of viruses present in the gut, shows significant inter-individual variation and dynamic responses to diet. Researchers analyzed viromes from individuals on a controlled diet, using metagenomic sequencing of virus-like particles (VLPs) and total microbial communities. They identified 7175 contigs, many of which corresponded to complete or partial bacteriophage genomes. These contigs contained viral functions essential for lytic and lysogenic growth, as well as unexpected functions like CRISPR arrays and antibiotic resistance genes. Interpersonal variation was the largest source of variance among virome samples. The study also showed that the virome changed in response to dietary intervention, with individuals on the same diet converging in virome composition. The virome was found to be closely associated with the larger microbiome, and the data provided an overview of the human gut virome's composition and its relationship with diet. The study also identified CRISPR arrays in the virome, which may mediate phage-phage competition. Additionally, antibiotic resistance genes were found in the virome, suggesting a role in transmissible antibiotic resistance. The gut virome was found to be relatively stable within individuals, with interpersonal variation being the largest source of variance. The study highlights the importance of understanding the virome's role in health and disease, and the need for further research into the mechanisms underlying virome dynamics and their interactions with diet and the microbiome.The human gut virome, consisting of viruses present in the gut, shows significant inter-individual variation and dynamic responses to diet. Researchers analyzed viromes from individuals on a controlled diet, using metagenomic sequencing of virus-like particles (VLPs) and total microbial communities. They identified 7175 contigs, many of which corresponded to complete or partial bacteriophage genomes. These contigs contained viral functions essential for lytic and lysogenic growth, as well as unexpected functions like CRISPR arrays and antibiotic resistance genes. Interpersonal variation was the largest source of variance among virome samples. The study also showed that the virome changed in response to dietary intervention, with individuals on the same diet converging in virome composition. The virome was found to be closely associated with the larger microbiome, and the data provided an overview of the human gut virome's composition and its relationship with diet. The study also identified CRISPR arrays in the virome, which may mediate phage-phage competition. Additionally, antibiotic resistance genes were found in the virome, suggesting a role in transmissible antibiotic resistance. The gut virome was found to be relatively stable within individuals, with interpersonal variation being the largest source of variance. The study highlights the importance of understanding the virome's role in health and disease, and the need for further research into the mechanisms underlying virome dynamics and their interactions with diet and the microbiome.