This review critically examines the interconnected health domains of the gut microbiome, bone health, interleukins, chronic periodontitis, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It highlights the complex interactions between these areas, providing insights into fundamental mechanisms and clinical implications. The review emphasizes the role of the gut microbiome in bone health, exploring the relationship between gut bacteria and skeletal integrity. It also discusses the impact of interleukins, chronic periodontitis, and COVID-19 on immune responses and viral susceptibility. The review underscores the importance of understanding genetic predispositions and immune dynamics in disease outcomes, offering experimental evidence and therapeutic strategies that align with evidence-based medicine and personalized interventions. This approach aims to optimize patient care and improve health outcomes across diverse patient populations.This review critically examines the interconnected health domains of the gut microbiome, bone health, interleukins, chronic periodontitis, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It highlights the complex interactions between these areas, providing insights into fundamental mechanisms and clinical implications. The review emphasizes the role of the gut microbiome in bone health, exploring the relationship between gut bacteria and skeletal integrity. It also discusses the impact of interleukins, chronic periodontitis, and COVID-19 on immune responses and viral susceptibility. The review underscores the importance of understanding genetic predispositions and immune dynamics in disease outcomes, offering experimental evidence and therapeutic strategies that align with evidence-based medicine and personalized interventions. This approach aims to optimize patient care and improve health outcomes across diverse patient populations.