The article "The intricate brain–body interaction in psychiatric and neurological diseases" by Francesco Di Gregorio and Simone Battaglia explores the fundamental role of harmonious brain-body communication in individual well-being and cognitive behavior. The authors highlight that dysfunctions in this interaction are prevalent in various psychiatric, neurological, and neurodegenerative disorders. They discuss recent advances in understanding the dynamic relationship between the brain and the body, emphasizing the bidirectional communication between neural circuits and physiological systems. Key areas of focus include the impact of neuronal damage, inflammation, and protein accumulation on brain function, as well as the role of the autonomic nervous system and the gut microbiome in disease progression. The article also reviews diagnostic and therapeutic approaches that integrate brain and body functioning measures, such as electroencephalography (EEG) and cardiac activity, to enhance diagnostic accuracy and guide personalized treatment strategies. Finally, it underscores the importance of multidisciplinary approaches in addressing the multifaceted interactions between the brain and body to improve patient outcomes and advance clinical neuroscience.The article "The intricate brain–body interaction in psychiatric and neurological diseases" by Francesco Di Gregorio and Simone Battaglia explores the fundamental role of harmonious brain-body communication in individual well-being and cognitive behavior. The authors highlight that dysfunctions in this interaction are prevalent in various psychiatric, neurological, and neurodegenerative disorders. They discuss recent advances in understanding the dynamic relationship between the brain and the body, emphasizing the bidirectional communication between neural circuits and physiological systems. Key areas of focus include the impact of neuronal damage, inflammation, and protein accumulation on brain function, as well as the role of the autonomic nervous system and the gut microbiome in disease progression. The article also reviews diagnostic and therapeutic approaches that integrate brain and body functioning measures, such as electroencephalography (EEG) and cardiac activity, to enhance diagnostic accuracy and guide personalized treatment strategies. Finally, it underscores the importance of multidisciplinary approaches in addressing the multifaceted interactions between the brain and body to improve patient outcomes and advance clinical neuroscience.