The knee meniscus is a vital component of the knee joint, playing a crucial role in preventing articular cartilage deterioration and osteoarthritis. Recent scientific investigations have highlighted its anatomical, biomechanical, and functional importance. Current repair techniques are effective for peripheral vascularized lesions but struggle with inner avascular lesions, leading to partial meniscectomy, which often results in osteoarthritis. Research in biomaterials and bioengineering aims to address this issue through tissue engineering. Various approaches, including scaffolds and scaffoldless methods, have been explored to regenerate meniscal tissue. Key considerations include selecting appropriate cell sources (autologous, allogeneic, xenogeneic, or stem cells) and addressing challenges such as degradation byproducts and stress shielding. Advances in chemical and mechanical stimuli have also been investigated to enhance tissue formation and stem cell differentiation. Despite significant progress, long-term follow-up studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness and safety of these techniques. The future of meniscus repair holds promise, with ongoing research focusing on improving biomimetic and bioactive properties of scaffolds and optimizing cell sources and therapies.The knee meniscus is a vital component of the knee joint, playing a crucial role in preventing articular cartilage deterioration and osteoarthritis. Recent scientific investigations have highlighted its anatomical, biomechanical, and functional importance. Current repair techniques are effective for peripheral vascularized lesions but struggle with inner avascular lesions, leading to partial meniscectomy, which often results in osteoarthritis. Research in biomaterials and bioengineering aims to address this issue through tissue engineering. Various approaches, including scaffolds and scaffoldless methods, have been explored to regenerate meniscal tissue. Key considerations include selecting appropriate cell sources (autologous, allogeneic, xenogeneic, or stem cells) and addressing challenges such as degradation byproducts and stress shielding. Advances in chemical and mechanical stimuli have also been investigated to enhance tissue formation and stem cell differentiation. Despite significant progress, long-term follow-up studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness and safety of these techniques. The future of meniscus repair holds promise, with ongoing research focusing on improving biomimetic and bioactive properties of scaffolds and optimizing cell sources and therapies.