The article "The Knowns and Unknowns of Long COVID-19: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Approaches" by Roxana Gheorghita et al. provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding and challenges in addressing long COVID-19. The authors highlight that while most individuals recover from SARS-CoV-2 infection, a significant proportion experiences persistent health issues weeks, months, and even years after the acute infection, known as long COVID. The review discusses the clinical manifestations, risk factors, and underlying mechanisms of long COVID, emphasizing the complexity of the disease and its impact on multiple organ systems. Key symptoms of long COVID include fatigue, muscle weakness, malaise, dyspnea, headache, dizziness, cognitive dysfunction, depression, irritability, insomnia, and various neurological disorders. The article also addresses the role of inflammatory markers, viral persistence, and immune responses in the development and progression of long COVID. It highlights the importance of understanding the multifaceted nature of the disease, including its impact on the central and peripheral nervous systems, cardiovascular system, respiratory system, and other organs. The review further explores the transcriptional markers and molecular signaling pathways involved in long COVID, such as changes in gene expression and immune cell profiles. It also discusses the risk factors for long COVID, including sex, age, pre-existing conditions, hospitalization during the acute phase, vaccination status, and lifestyle factors. The authors emphasize the need for early diagnosis, close follow-up, and tailored rehabilitation and management strategies to improve patient outcomes. Finally, the article suggests potential therapeutic approaches, including the use of anticoagulants and targeted interventions to address specific symptoms and complications. The authors conclude by underscoring the importance of ongoing research to better understand the complex mechanisms of long COVID and to develop effective treatments.The article "The Knowns and Unknowns of Long COVID-19: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Approaches" by Roxana Gheorghita et al. provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding and challenges in addressing long COVID-19. The authors highlight that while most individuals recover from SARS-CoV-2 infection, a significant proportion experiences persistent health issues weeks, months, and even years after the acute infection, known as long COVID. The review discusses the clinical manifestations, risk factors, and underlying mechanisms of long COVID, emphasizing the complexity of the disease and its impact on multiple organ systems. Key symptoms of long COVID include fatigue, muscle weakness, malaise, dyspnea, headache, dizziness, cognitive dysfunction, depression, irritability, insomnia, and various neurological disorders. The article also addresses the role of inflammatory markers, viral persistence, and immune responses in the development and progression of long COVID. It highlights the importance of understanding the multifaceted nature of the disease, including its impact on the central and peripheral nervous systems, cardiovascular system, respiratory system, and other organs. The review further explores the transcriptional markers and molecular signaling pathways involved in long COVID, such as changes in gene expression and immune cell profiles. It also discusses the risk factors for long COVID, including sex, age, pre-existing conditions, hospitalization during the acute phase, vaccination status, and lifestyle factors. The authors emphasize the need for early diagnosis, close follow-up, and tailored rehabilitation and management strategies to improve patient outcomes. Finally, the article suggests potential therapeutic approaches, including the use of anticoagulants and targeted interventions to address specific symptoms and complications. The authors conclude by underscoring the importance of ongoing research to better understand the complex mechanisms of long COVID and to develop effective treatments.