The article "The Multifaceted Functions of Neutrophils" by Tanya N. Mayadas, Xavier Cullere, and Clifford A. Lowell, published in the *Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease*, provides a comprehensive overview of the multifaceted roles of neutrophils in immune responses and disease. Neutrophils, the primary phagocytes in both innate and adaptive immunity, play crucial roles in recruiting to infection sites, recognizing and phagocytosing microbes, and killing pathogens through various mechanisms, including the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), release of antimicrobial peptides, and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). The authors discuss the mechanisms of neutrophil recruitment, activation, and killing, as well as the balance between apoptosis and NETosis. They also highlight the contributions of neutrophils to tissue injury and the development of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, emphasizing the complex interplay between neutrophils and other immune cells. The article reviews both established principles and recent findings, providing insights into the evolving understanding of neutrophil function in immunity and disease.The article "The Multifaceted Functions of Neutrophils" by Tanya N. Mayadas, Xavier Cullere, and Clifford A. Lowell, published in the *Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease*, provides a comprehensive overview of the multifaceted roles of neutrophils in immune responses and disease. Neutrophils, the primary phagocytes in both innate and adaptive immunity, play crucial roles in recruiting to infection sites, recognizing and phagocytosing microbes, and killing pathogens through various mechanisms, including the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), release of antimicrobial peptides, and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). The authors discuss the mechanisms of neutrophil recruitment, activation, and killing, as well as the balance between apoptosis and NETosis. They also highlight the contributions of neutrophils to tissue injury and the development of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, emphasizing the complex interplay between neutrophils and other immune cells. The article reviews both established principles and recent findings, providing insights into the evolving understanding of neutrophil function in immunity and disease.