Millets are ancient grains grown in arid and semiarid regions, serving as staple foods in Asia and Africa. They are rich in minerals, vitamins, and phytochemicals, giving them nutraceutical value. Millets are gluten-free, have a low glycemic index, and are beneficial for managing lifestyle disorders and preventing diseases like cancer. They contain valuable compounds such as flavonoids, phenolics, and anthocyanidins with antioxidant properties. Millets are also rich in micronutrients like calcium, iron, zinc, and phosphorus, and vitamins such as thiamine, niacin, and riboflavin. They are used in traditional medicine in India and China, where they are considered sacred crops. Millets have been shown to improve glycemic control, reduce body mass index, and lower the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. They are also beneficial for anemia and calcium deficiency, especially in pregnant women and children. Millets have therapeutic properties, including anti-obesity effects, and are used in the treatment of various diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and cancer. They also support gut health by promoting a balanced gut microbiome and improving digestion. Millets are a promising source of functional foods and nutraceuticals, with potential for further research and development in breeding programs to enhance their nutritional and therapeutic properties. The future research directions include exploring the therapeutic potential of millets, improving their bioactive compounds, and developing varieties with higher nutritional value. Millets are also important for sustainable agriculture due to their climate resilience and ability to grow in poor soil conditions.Millets are ancient grains grown in arid and semiarid regions, serving as staple foods in Asia and Africa. They are rich in minerals, vitamins, and phytochemicals, giving them nutraceutical value. Millets are gluten-free, have a low glycemic index, and are beneficial for managing lifestyle disorders and preventing diseases like cancer. They contain valuable compounds such as flavonoids, phenolics, and anthocyanidins with antioxidant properties. Millets are also rich in micronutrients like calcium, iron, zinc, and phosphorus, and vitamins such as thiamine, niacin, and riboflavin. They are used in traditional medicine in India and China, where they are considered sacred crops. Millets have been shown to improve glycemic control, reduce body mass index, and lower the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. They are also beneficial for anemia and calcium deficiency, especially in pregnant women and children. Millets have therapeutic properties, including anti-obesity effects, and are used in the treatment of various diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and cancer. They also support gut health by promoting a balanced gut microbiome and improving digestion. Millets are a promising source of functional foods and nutraceuticals, with potential for further research and development in breeding programs to enhance their nutritional and therapeutic properties. The future research directions include exploring the therapeutic potential of millets, improving their bioactive compounds, and developing varieties with higher nutritional value. Millets are also important for sustainable agriculture due to their climate resilience and ability to grow in poor soil conditions.