The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a tropical perennial species in the family Araceae, characterized by a large genome and a typical palm-like morphology. It grows in rich, temporarily damp alluvial soils and can reach up to 30 meters in height. The standard plantation density is 143 palms per hectare. Oil palm is a temporal dioecious species with alternate male and female flowering cycles. The fruit provides both palm oil and palm kernel oil, which have distinct fatty acid compositions. Oil palm is the most productive oil crop, with an average yield of about 4 tons per hectare per year. Palm oil is the largest source of edible oil globally, used primarily for margarine, deep fat frying, and shortening. It also has applications in soap and oleochemical manufacturing. World palm oil production has increased significantly since 1948, with Malaysia and Indonesia accounting for 86% of global production in 2005. The consumption of oleaginous products continues to rise due to demographic pressure and increased use in emerging markets.The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a tropical perennial species in the family Araceae, characterized by a large genome and a typical palm-like morphology. It grows in rich, temporarily damp alluvial soils and can reach up to 30 meters in height. The standard plantation density is 143 palms per hectare. Oil palm is a temporal dioecious species with alternate male and female flowering cycles. The fruit provides both palm oil and palm kernel oil, which have distinct fatty acid compositions. Oil palm is the most productive oil crop, with an average yield of about 4 tons per hectare per year. Palm oil is the largest source of edible oil globally, used primarily for margarine, deep fat frying, and shortening. It also has applications in soap and oleochemical manufacturing. World palm oil production has increased significantly since 1948, with Malaysia and Indonesia accounting for 86% of global production in 2005. The consumption of oleaginous products continues to rise due to demographic pressure and increased use in emerging markets.