The article provides an updated overview of the oral microbiome, emphasizing its role in both oral and general health. It highlights the coevolution between humans and oral microbes, the factors contributing to dysbiosis, and the implications for caries and periodontal diseases. The article also discusses strategies to preserve a balanced oral microbiome, including maintaining good oral hygiene, modifying lifestyle factors, and avoiding indiscriminate use of antibiotics. It underscores the importance of understanding the complex ecological community of the oral microbiome and its dynamic interactions with the host. The article concludes by advocating for a proactive approach to oral health management, focusing on maintaining a healthy oral microbiome rather than merely managing disease.The article provides an updated overview of the oral microbiome, emphasizing its role in both oral and general health. It highlights the coevolution between humans and oral microbes, the factors contributing to dysbiosis, and the implications for caries and periodontal diseases. The article also discusses strategies to preserve a balanced oral microbiome, including maintaining good oral hygiene, modifying lifestyle factors, and avoiding indiscriminate use of antibiotics. It underscores the importance of understanding the complex ecological community of the oral microbiome and its dynamic interactions with the host. The article concludes by advocating for a proactive approach to oral health management, focusing on maintaining a healthy oral microbiome rather than merely managing disease.