The article reviews the paradigm shift in molecular biology over the past decade, highlighting the emerging role of RNA in genome organization and gene expression regulation. RNA is not only a messenger between DNA and proteins but also plays a crucial role in epigenetic processes that control differentiation and development. The authors trace the historical development of understanding RNA's role, from its initial perception as a mere template for protein synthesis to the discovery of its catalytic and regulatory functions. They discuss the discovery of small nuclear RNAs, heterogeneous nuclear RNAs, introns, and the RNA interference pathway, emphasizing the complexity and multifaceted nature of RNA regulation. The article also explores the roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in development, differentiation, and epigenetic processes, and the potential for RNA-mediated inheritance and evolution. The authors conclude by emphasizing the need to further explore the vast universe of RNA regulation to fully understand its impact on biology.The article reviews the paradigm shift in molecular biology over the past decade, highlighting the emerging role of RNA in genome organization and gene expression regulation. RNA is not only a messenger between DNA and proteins but also plays a crucial role in epigenetic processes that control differentiation and development. The authors trace the historical development of understanding RNA's role, from its initial perception as a mere template for protein synthesis to the discovery of its catalytic and regulatory functions. They discuss the discovery of small nuclear RNAs, heterogeneous nuclear RNAs, introns, and the RNA interference pathway, emphasizing the complexity and multifaceted nature of RNA regulation. The article also explores the roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in development, differentiation, and epigenetic processes, and the potential for RNA-mediated inheritance and evolution. The authors conclude by emphasizing the need to further explore the vast universe of RNA regulation to fully understand its impact on biology.