Conservation agriculture (CA) is a sustainable farming system that minimizes soil disturbance (no-till, NT), maintains permanent soil cover (mulch), and uses crop rotations. It aims to improve soil health, reduce environmental impact, and increase productivity. The paper discusses the benefits of CA over traditional tillage, including reduced fuel use, lower greenhouse gas emissions, and improved soil structure. CA is promoted as a solution to meet future food demands with less land and environmental impact. Case studies from South Asia and Mexico show that CA practices, such as no-till wheat in rice stubbles and permanent bed systems for maize–wheat, have increased yields and reduced costs. CA also helps reduce soil erosion, improve water infiltration, and enhance microbial activity. The paper emphasizes the need for appropriate equipment and farmer participation to adopt CA successfully. It concludes that CA is essential for sustainable agriculture, especially in the face of climate change and increasing food demands.Conservation agriculture (CA) is a sustainable farming system that minimizes soil disturbance (no-till, NT), maintains permanent soil cover (mulch), and uses crop rotations. It aims to improve soil health, reduce environmental impact, and increase productivity. The paper discusses the benefits of CA over traditional tillage, including reduced fuel use, lower greenhouse gas emissions, and improved soil structure. CA is promoted as a solution to meet future food demands with less land and environmental impact. Case studies from South Asia and Mexico show that CA practices, such as no-till wheat in rice stubbles and permanent bed systems for maize–wheat, have increased yields and reduced costs. CA also helps reduce soil erosion, improve water infiltration, and enhance microbial activity. The paper emphasizes the need for appropriate equipment and farmer participation to adopt CA successfully. It concludes that CA is essential for sustainable agriculture, especially in the face of climate change and increasing food demands.