The paper by David A. King analyzes the scientific impact of nations, focusing on research output and outcomes over the past decade. It evaluates the quality of scientific research through the number of published papers, reviews, and citations, using data from Thomson ISI. The study compares 31 countries, including the G8 and EU15, to measure their scientific standing. The United States leads in both the volume of publications and citations, followed by the EU15 and the United Kingdom. The analysis also examines the impact of research funding relative to population and GDP, showing that smaller nations like Denmark, Finland, and Switzerland perform strongly in terms of citation intensity. The paper highlights the importance of international collaboration and the need for sustainable economic development through knowledge generation. It also discusses the role of business investment in public research and the global competition in scientific excellence, with the United States and the United Kingdom leading in research output and impact. The study underscores the significance of a strong science base for national and global benefits, including addressing global challenges such as terrorism, disease, and climate change.The paper by David A. King analyzes the scientific impact of nations, focusing on research output and outcomes over the past decade. It evaluates the quality of scientific research through the number of published papers, reviews, and citations, using data from Thomson ISI. The study compares 31 countries, including the G8 and EU15, to measure their scientific standing. The United States leads in both the volume of publications and citations, followed by the EU15 and the United Kingdom. The analysis also examines the impact of research funding relative to population and GDP, showing that smaller nations like Denmark, Finland, and Switzerland perform strongly in terms of citation intensity. The paper highlights the importance of international collaboration and the need for sustainable economic development through knowledge generation. It also discusses the role of business investment in public research and the global competition in scientific excellence, with the United States and the United Kingdom leading in research output and impact. The study underscores the significance of a strong science base for national and global benefits, including addressing global challenges such as terrorism, disease, and climate change.