Received 25 July 2001; revised 20 March 2002; accepted 26 June 2002 | P. Indefrey*, W.J.M. Levelt
This paper presents a comprehensive meta-analysis of imaging studies on word production, analyzing both spatial overlap and temporal dynamics of activated regions. The analysis specifies the regions and time windows for core word production processes: lexical selection, phonological code retrieval, syllabification, and phonetic/articulatory preparation. The results show that the time course of activations in word production aligns with the temporal constraints imposed by perception processes, as seen in picture/word interference paradigms. The study also explores the integration of word production and perception networks, suggesting that these networks are shared from the lemma level upwards. The meta-analysis covers various tasks, including picture naming, verb generation, noun generation, word reading, pseudoword reading, and auditory perception tasks. The findings highlight the involvement of specific brain regions and time windows for each processing component, providing insights into the neural mechanisms underlying word production.This paper presents a comprehensive meta-analysis of imaging studies on word production, analyzing both spatial overlap and temporal dynamics of activated regions. The analysis specifies the regions and time windows for core word production processes: lexical selection, phonological code retrieval, syllabification, and phonetic/articulatory preparation. The results show that the time course of activations in word production aligns with the temporal constraints imposed by perception processes, as seen in picture/word interference paradigms. The study also explores the integration of word production and perception networks, suggesting that these networks are shared from the lemma level upwards. The meta-analysis covers various tasks, including picture naming, verb generation, noun generation, word reading, pseudoword reading, and auditory perception tasks. The findings highlight the involvement of specific brain regions and time windows for each processing component, providing insights into the neural mechanisms underlying word production.